Due to increasing uses of copper nitrate, Cu(NO 3 ) 2 , as catalysts, textile and polishing agents for other metals, experiment on the leaching of a Nigerian chalcopyrite ore by nitric acid for possible production of copper nitrate was examined. The effects of acid concentration, temperature and particle size on the dissolution rates of chalcopyrite ore have been investigated. Distribution of elements, compounds present within the ore particle size -90 + 75 µm was initially determined by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to provide basis for explaining the dissolution process. It was observed that dissolution rates were greatly affected by acid concentration, temperature and particle diameter. Kinetic data analysis showed that the dissolution mechanism followed diffusion as the rate controlling step. The reaction order was calculated to be 0.51 while the activation energy was deduced to be 29.99 kJmol -1 from the dissolution data. The X-ray diffraction analysis of the unleached residue at optimal leaching showed that it contains α-quartz (α-SiO 2 ) and Tin oxide (SnO 2 ).
ABSTRACT:Base on high cost in coagulant for treating both domestic and industrial water in the recent time.There is need to identify cheaper and efficient methods of removing contaminant as the demand for clean water increases. A study was carried out to investigate the use of locally sourced Kaolinite clay from Okefomo Agbarigidoma, Ilorin south Local Government of Kwara state, for the production of aluminum sulphate using sulphuric acid (H2SO4) solution. The clay sample was beneficiated and calcined at 700 o C for 7 h to obtain meta-kaolin, then later leached using sulphuric acid. The effect of leaching temperature (25-100 o C),period of activation (10-120 minutes),acid concentration(1-6M),particle sizes(50-200µm),acid to clay weight ratio on the leaching were investigated. The optimum leaching conditions for the calcined Kaolin clay were found to be particle size 100µm, acid concentration 5M, leaching temperature 110 o C and leaching time of 90 min. Under optimized condition 68.75% (w/w) aluminum sulphate (alum) was extracted. The result showed that sulphuric acid could be used on a large scale to extract alum from Kaolin clay. The extract alum showed similar structure and physical characteristics compared with commercial alum. A dosage of 38mg/L of the extract alum show effective coagulant properties with a great potential of treating Industrial water.
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