The article focuses on psycho-emotional well-being of high school students in the context of their professional self-determination.The sample consisted of 456 students of 9—11 classes of general education schools (207 males, 249 females) aged 14—18 years.The methods included techniques for measuring personality, cognitive-evaluative and emotional aspects of well-being as well as a set of diagnostic methods and indicators of professional self-determination.It is shown that structure of the students’ well-being is characterized by low levels of competency and self-acceptance, low activity and cheerfulness, increased anxiety and tension.The study identified a high percentage of students with reduced scores of psycho-emotional well-being.The revealed difficulties in professional self-determination were mostly related to externally motivated choices of profession, insufficient development of cognitive interests and professional type of personality, as well as to professional identity crisis.The study shows that different aspects of psycho-emotional well-being affect the parameters of professional self-determination.
This paper is devoted to the selective laser smelting (SLS) method description for the article made of powder of a Cu81-Ni19 copper-nickel alloy and the study of the structure and characteristics of the three-dimensional article made using additive technology. To make a 3D model the copper-nickel alloy powder was produced in our laboratory. The chemical composition, microstructure, density, surface roughness and microhardness of an article made of powders of a Cu81-Ni19 copper-nickel alloy are considered. A comparative analysis of the structure, physical and mechanical properties of a sample obtained by the SLS method and the annealed rolled plate was carried out. The article microstructure is characterized by the absence of a typical signs of a crystalline structure and contains elements of a quasi-amorphous state. At the same time, the obtained material differs from the standard monolith billet with a lower surface roughness and a higher hardness values while maintaining almost the same density indices.
The article is devoted to the study of Cu-Ni-Zn ternary alloy properties. German silver is applied in the instrument making industry, shipbuilding industry, and medical tool production. Furthermore, German silver is extensively used for domestic goods and costume jewelry. It is known that the aluminum and tin additions improve the Cu-Ni-Zn alloy flowing and casting mold fillability. It is a matter for the figurine and thin section casting production. That is why, using the experiment planning method we have studied the effect of Al and Sn alloyage and crystallization temperature on structure, casting characteristics and the casting characteristics of German silver. The study was realized by casting samples which were produced with lost wax method. Aluminum microadditives (0.4 %) have a positive impact on the casting mold fillability and improve markedly surface quality of casting samples. Tin leading into melt (about 4 %) ensure the marked growth of yield strength (by 65...70 %), while the elongation is maintained. The role of the mold temperature has a lesser impact on the yield strength. The mold temperature reduction from 550 °C to 450 °C leads to the grain size decrease and the little yield strength increase. Moreover, the surface condition measurement shows that aluminum and tin additions greatly reduce the castings surface roughness.
This paper is devoted to the possibility of using tin as an alloying element in a copper alloy for the contact wire manufacture for high-speed electrified railways. To this end, laboratory experiments were carried out to determine the effect of tin on the structure, mechanical and electrical properties of samples, made of low-alloy system Cu-Sn alloys, under the cold deformation. Cast rods and rolled billets of CuSn0,2, CuSn0,4 and CuSn0,6 alloys are made. The cast rods macrostructure is studied. The analysis showed that with the introduction of tin into copper, there is no zone of columnar crystals in the macrostructure. Moreover, it was found that grains of α-solid solution of tin in copper have a shape close to equiaxial. A structure analysis of rolled billets showed that an increase in the deformation degree leads to grinding of crystalline grains. The mechanical properties of rolled billets were determined: ultimate tensile strength σU, offset yield strength σ0.2 and elongation δ50. The dependence of the electrical resistivity of rolled billets on the deformation degree and the tin content in the alloy is determined. Еhe higher the tin content in the alloy and the deformation degree is, the higher is the electrical resistivity. The electrical resistivity of samples, made of CuSn0.2 and CuSn0.4 alloys, coincides with the GOST R 55647-2018 requirements. The laboratory studies have shown that tin-containing copper alloys (Sn is up to 0.4 wt. %) can be recommended as a material for the manufacture of contact wire.
This article is devoted to studiing the ion-plasma sprayed coating on the surface of copper-nickel alloy obtained by complex titanium nitride and zirconium nitride treatment. To evaluate the coating microhardness we use the method that provides the obligatory penetration of diamond-pointed pyramid through nitride layer. It is shown that nitride coating microhardness is much higher than the copper-nickel alloy microhardness. Furthermore, surface treatment provides the color of the nitride coating just as gold plated.
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