Currently, there is a slowdown in oil production, which contributes to higher prices for liquid motor fuel. In this regard, the next 60-70 years alternative of natural gas on transport won't be. In low ambient temperature conditions operation of cars on gas fuel becomes complicated, its consumption increases, and emissions of harmful substances change. In addition, a variety of vehicles in different ways adapted to the low ambient temperature.Currently, both in Russia and abroad there are no mentioned works, the main aim of which is to establish the relationships of low temperature influence on fuel consumption and harmful substance emissions of vehicles. Also there are no works estimating adaptability level of gas cylinder vehicles during the work on compressed natural and liquefied oil gas for these operating conditions. Assessment of gas cylinder vehicles adaptability levels to low ambient temperature operation conditions by fuel consumption and harmful substance emissions is the purpose of this paper.A space-time approach to assessing vehicles adaptability levels for low ambient temperature was used. The work included the carrying out of theoretical operational, bench and control tests. Distribution of vehicles on adaptability levels for low ambient temperature operation conditions became the main results of research. On the basis of these results we can draw conclusions about what brands, models of vehicles, with which gas fuel supply system, during the work on what gas fuel (the compressed natural and liquefied petroleum gas) are more adapted for use in low ambient temperature from the point of view of changes of fuel consumption and of harmful substances emission in the exhaust gases.

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Environmental safety problem originated from vehicles requires development and exploration of integrated and effective solutions, which considers the development level of technologies, the cost of their widespread use, the legislation requirements and other relevant aspects. One improvement method of the petroleum-derived fuels characteristics is the use of additives that complement the refining methods and provide ample opportunities to influence the individual characteristics. The aim of this work is to study the influence of the developed multifunctional surface-active nano-additive on the gasoline characteristics and engine performance. The measurement results confirmed the effective reduction of the surface tension of gasoline at the boundary with air, improving the mixture formation in the engine. On the other hand, the saturated vapor pressure was significantly decreased, which dramatically reduces evaporation losses and air pollution by light hydrocarbons. The use of the additive, due to a combination of its surface-active and catalytic action, significantly increases the fuel efficiency of engines and reduces octane requirements, greenhouse gases emissions, as well as noise level during operation of vehicles, and the environmental safety of vehicle operation increases.

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Abstract. The paper reviews a relevant problem of providing a higher quality of people's living in the northern regions by the application of the modern technologies within transport in order to improve its environmental performance and efficiency. The aim of the research is to substantiate methods of increasing the adaptability of vehicles to variable low-temperature operating conditions based on a neural control system of preheating and maintaining the optimum temperature of technological fluids by SHF radiation and improving diesel fuel properties by introducing a multifunctional additive. It has been found that SHF radiation influences the physical and chemical parameters of diesel fuel, as well as the engine output parameters. SHF radiation results in a reduction of fuel consumption to 7%, smoke from the exhaust to 15%, and nitrogen oxide emission to 30%. A conclusion is made that using SHF radiation for technological fuel preheating is essential. An approach has been developed that improves low-temperature properties of diesel fuels and increases engine operation efficiency under severe climatic conditions by introducing a multifunctional additive. The additive will enable a significant decrease in fuel consumption under low-temperature operating conditions and a complex improvement of fuel properties.