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Background and ObjectivesThe impact of multivessel coronary disease (MVD) with chronic total occlusion (CTO) on one-year mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is not clearly known. We investigated the impact of MVD with concurrent CTO lesion on one-year mortality in patients with AMI.Subjects and MethodsWe studied 1008 consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography between November 2005 and December 2008 with a diagnosis of AMI.ResultsAmong 1008 patients, 432 patients (43%) had MVD, and 88 patients (8.7%) had CTO lesion. The one-year overall mortality was higher in patients with MVD than in patients with single vessel disease (SVD) (10.2% vs. 5.9%, p=0.012). However, the one-year overall mortality was not significantly higher in patients with CTO lesion than in patients without that lesion (12.5% vs. 7.3%, p=0.080). In multivariate analysis, independent predictors of one-year overall mortality were age older than 65 years {hazard ratio (HR) 2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.43 to 4.08}, Killip class ≥III (HR 3.59, 95% CI: 2.24 to 5.77), ST-elevation myocardial infarction (HR 2.45, 95% CI: 1.49 to 4.05) and MVD (HR 1.76, 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.89).ConclusionPatients with MVD showed higher one-year mortality than patients with SVD. However, the presence of CTO was not an independent predictor of one-year mortality in this study that included patients with successfully revascularized CTO lesion.

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The SAECG parameters exhibited no correlation to any of two-dimensional echocardiography parameters in the patients with ARVC. Fragmented electrical activity may develop with no significant relation to the anatomical changes in the patients with ARVC.

A strictly aerobic, Gram-negative, beige-pigmented, short-rod-shaped, non-motile and chemoheterotrophic bacteria, designated K2-48(T) was isolated from seawater collected in the Western North Pacific Ocean near Japan. Preliminary analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel isolate was affiliated with the family Oceanospirillaceae within the class Gammaproteobacteria and that it showed the highest sequence similarity (93.7 %) to Neptunomonas qingdaonensis P10-2-4(T). The strain could be differentiated phenotypically from recognized members of the family Oceanospirillaceae. The major fatty acids of strain K2-48(T) were identified as summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH) and C16:0 as defined by the MIDI system. The DNA G+C content was determined to be 43.2 mol%, the major respiratory quinone was identified as ubiquinone 9 and a polar lipid profile was present consisting of phosphatidylethanolamine, a phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified phospolipid. On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic studies, it was concluded that strain K2-48(T) represents a novel genus sp. We propose the name Pelagitalea pacifica gen. nov., sp. nov. for this strain; its type strain is K2-48(T) (=KCCM 90119(T)).

The present article entails a novel concept of storing extra energy in a multifunctional polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) beyond the storage capacity of a cathode, which is achieved by so-called "prelithiation" upon simply deep discharging to a low potential range of a lithium-metal electrode (i.e., −0.5 to 0.5 V). This unique extra energy-storage capacity has been realized recently in the PEM consisting of polysulfide-co-polyoxide conetworks in conjunction with succinonitrile and LiTFSI salt that facilitate complexation via ion−dipole interaction of dissociated lithium ions with thiols, disulfide, or ether oxygen of the conetwork. Although ion−dipole complexation may increase the cell resistance, the prelithiated PEM provides excess lithium ions during oxidation (or Li + stripping) at the Li-metal electrode. Once the PEM network is fully saturated with Li ions, the remaining excess ions can move through the complexation sites at ease, thereby affording not only facile ion transport but also extra ion-storage capacity within the PEM conetwork. Of particular interest is that the lithiated polysulfide-co-polyoxide polymer networkbased PEM exhibits a high conductivity of 1.18 × 10 −3 S/cm at ambient, which can also store extra energy with a specific capacity of about 150 mAh/g at a 0.1C rate in the PEM voltage range of 0.01−3.5 V in addition to 165 mAh/g at 0.2C of an NMC622 (nickel manganese cobalt oxide) cathode (i.e., 2.5−4.6 V) with a Coulombic efficiency of approximate unity. Moreover, its Li-metal battery assembly with an NMC622 cathode exhibits a very high specific capacity of ∼260 mAh/g at 0.2C in the full battery range of 0.01−5 V, having a higher Li + transference number of 0.74, suggestive of domination by the lithium cation transport relative to those (0.22− 0.35) of organic liquid electrolyte lithium-ion batteries.

Purpose: To verify the biological effects including anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects, of fermented plant root extract mixtures that were measured <i>in vitro</i>.Method: To select the most effective plant root extract, the effects of DPPH free radical scavenging were measured. The mixture (MC) of selected plant roots was fermented with <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (<i>S. cerevisiae</i>) (MF). Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was performed on human dermal fibroblast to measure the effects of MC and MF on the mRNA expression of <i>COL1A1</i> and hyaluronic acid synthase 2 (<i>HAS2</i>) and on the anti-inflammatory-related gene expressions such as cyclooxygenase-2 (<i>COX-2</i>), interleukin-6 (<i>IL-6</i>), and tumor-necrosis factor (<i>TNF</i>)-α. Additionally, we also tested the cell renewal and proliferation for skin cell migration. Student's t-test was performed for statistical analysis, and results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation.Results: Among 15 root extracts, those of <i>Taraxacum officinale</i> (<i>T. officinale</i>) rhizome, <i>Arctium lappa</i> (<i>A. lappa</i>), <i>Anemarrhena asphodeloides</i> (<i>A. asphodeloides</i>), <i>Pueraria lobata</i> (<i>P. lobata</i>), and <i>Nelumbo nucifera</i> (<i>N. nucifera</i>) were selected based on the effect of DPPH free radical scavenging. The mRNA expression levels of <i>COL1A1</i> and <i>HAS2</i> were increased by MC and MF in a concentration-dependent manner. MC and MF showed cell renewal and proliferation. Inflammation-related genes were inhibited by MC or MF in a concentration-dependent manner (<i>TNF-α</i>, <i>IL-6</i>, and <i>COX-2</i>). MF showed significantly better efficacy than MC.Conclusion: Mixed root extracts of <i>T. officinale rhizome/root</i>, <i>A. lappa</i>, <i>A. asphodeloides</i>, <i>P. lobata</i>, and <i>N. nucifera</i> fermented with <i>S. cerevisiae</i> enable cell renewal, have anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects, and can be used as an active cosmetic raw materials.