Abstract. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is recently becoming popular, promising and widespread. In contrast, RFID tags can bring about traceability that causes user privacy and reduces scalability of RFID. Guaranteeing untraceability and scalability at the same time is so critical in order to deploy RFID widely since user privacy should be guaranteed. A large number of RFID protocols were designed in the open literature, but any known protocols do not satisfy untraceability and scalability at the same time to the best of our knowledge. In this paper, we suggest a RFID authentication protocol that guarantees untraceability and scalability together; needless to say preventing several known attacks: replay, spoofing, desyncronization, and cloning by eavesdropping. Our protocol supports ownership transfer and considers multitag-reader environment; a reader receives messages from the tags what a reader wants in our protocol. In addition, we address the reason why the item privacy is important, and a way to keep it securely.
RFID security is a relatively new research area. Within less than a decade, a large number of research papers dealing with security issues of RFID technology have appeared. In this paper we attempt to summarize current research works in the field of RFID security and discuss some of their open issues. Firstly, we outline the security threats to RFID, then we summarize some of the current countermeasures and finally, we draw attention to the open issues and challenges in RIFD security. • Hash-based Protocols: Weis et. al. [3] introduced two hash-lock based authentication schemes. But they suffer from secret key disclosure problem, impersonation attack and violation of tag anonymity [14]. Ohkubo et.
Seasonal prediction provides critical information for the tropical Pacific region, where the economy and livelihood is highly dependent on climate variability. While the highest skills of dynamical prediction systems are usually found in the tropical Pacific, National Hydrological and Meteorological Services (NHMS) in the Pacific Islands Countries (PICs) do not take full advantage of such scientific achievements. The Republic of Korea-Pacific Islands Climate Prediction Services (ROK-PI CliPS) project aims to help PICs produce regionally tailored climate prediction information using a dynamical seasonal prediction system. The project is being jointly implemented by the APEC Climate Center (APCC) and the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP), in close collaboration with NHMSs in PICs. The regionally tailored, dynamical-statistical hybrid climate prediction system uses predictors that were identified through communications with NHMSs. The predictors were selected based on the empirical physical relationship of the local climate fluctuations, indicated by multi-institutional and multimodel ensembles. This hybrid system makes full use of dynamical seasonal predictions, which have not been commonly utilized in current operation in PICs. In accordance with system development, additional efforts have been made for PIC NHMSs to build capacity by increasing their knowledge and skill needed to develop such methodologies and systems. Nonetheless, the successive and strategic efforts to sustain and further improve climate predictions in the Pacific Islands region are required.
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