The response of 'Kardinal' rose plants to temperature was measured to develop a model for predicting rose flower size for a range of greenhouse conditions. The number of days from bud break (BB) to flowering increased from 21.6 to 63.0 days as temperature decreased from 30 to 15°C. The number of days to flower was primarily influenced by the temperature after the visible bud (VB). This suggests that the temperature before VB may not significantly affect the rate of flower development. Leaf area, stem length and stem diameter generally increased with decreasing temperature, but the best quality of stems was observed at 18°C. Flower dry weight, however, increased from 0.7 to 3.0 g as temperature decreased from 30 to 15°C. When plants were moved to lower temperature at VB stage, flower dry weight increased. Temperature has it's most pronounce influence on flower development during the period between VB and flowering so that during commercial greenhouse rose production any reduction in temperature during that period can result in increasing the size of rose flower buds. 1.
This study was carried out to investigate and verify the functionality of Artemisia argyi H. as cosmetic substances. Antimicrobial activity of water, 60% ethanol and 100% ethanol extracts showed inhibitory effects against Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Enterobacter aerogenes except Escherichia coli. As the results of MIC(Minimun inhibitory concentration) test, 60% ethanol extracts inhibited the growth of P. acnes at a concentration of 1.25 mg/mL. The mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity of water, 60% ethanol, and 100% ethanol extracts of A. argyi H. was increased in concentration-dependent manner. Melanin syntheses of B16/F10 mellanoma cells was also reduced by the extracts of A. argyi H. Especially, 60% ethanol extracts showed a excellent elastase inhibition of 51.9% at 125 ug/mL. In addition, the samples also showed a strong absorption in the range of UV-B(290-320nm). Overall, these results suggest that the extracts of A. argyi H. might be used for cosmetic industry such as anti-wrinkle or whitening substances.
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