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Graphene is an atom-thick, two-dimensional material comprised of a monolayer hexagonal sp 2 -hybridized carbons. [1,2] It is flexible, has a large specific surface area, and exhibits excellent electrical and thermal conductivities and also good mechanical properties. Moreover, given the low cost of natural graphite, the potential for obtaining large quantities of graphene by a low-cost production process is high. As such, graphene and its chemically modified forms [3] are promising building blocks for accessing highly ordered assemblies that are suitable for nanoelectronics, energy storage/conversion, catalysis, composites, and other applications. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Although previous efforts have demonstrated that graphene-based platelets may be assembled into papers, thin films, or other two-dimensional constructs, [9][10][11][12][13] the ability to control the assembly such platelets into three-dimensional (3D) structures could result in the carbon materials that exhibit very large surface areas, unusual or novel physical and electronic properties, unsurpassed chemical functionality, and other attractive features that are necessary for the aforementioned applications. [3,[14][15][16] Herein we demonstrate the self-assembly of graphene oxide (GO) platelets into mechanically flexible, macroporous 3D carbon films with tunable porous morphologies. Selfassembly is the spontaneous bottom-up organization of preexisting components into patterned structures. [17,18] The intrinsic parallelism and scalability inherent to self-assembly can, in principle, enable low-cost, large-scale syntheses of highly ordered nanostructures. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Indeed, as will be described below, the self-assembly of chemically modified graphene platelets into a complex 3D morphology was achieved by the "breath-figure" method, which is a straightforward procedure for synthesizing large-area porous polymer films. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] The breath-figure method as employed herein is illustrated in Figure 1 A. Briefly, polymer-grafted GO platelets were synthesized and dispersed in an organic solvent. The dispersion was then cast onto a suitable substrate and exposed to a stream of humid air. Endothermic evaporation of the volatile organic solvent resulted in the spontaneous conden- Figure 1. A) Procedure for the self-assembly of RGO into macroporous carbon films. B) A photograph of a mechanically flexible, semi-transparent macroporous RGO film on PET. C) A water contact angle of 1528 was measured for the superhydrophobic macroporous RGO film. D) Plane-view and E) 608-tilted SEM images of an RGO film. F,G) Plane-view SEM images of porous RGO film upon (F) and after (G) deformation.

IgAN was the most common primary GN, and MCD was the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome. In the 5-year quartile comparison, the relative frequency of IgAN increased, while the relative frequency of MCD and MPGN decreased significantly during the past 20 years.

This review summarizes the current trends related to insect as food resources among consumers, industry, and academia. In Western societies, edible insects have a greater potential as animal feed than as human food because of cultural biases associated with harmful insects, although the abundant characteristics of edible insects should benefit human health. Nevertheless, many countries in Asia, Oceania, Africa, and Latin America utilize insects as a major protein source. Using insects can potentially solve problems related to the conventional food-supply chain, including global water, land, and energy deficits. Academic, industry, and government-led efforts have attempted to reduce negative perceptions of insects through developing palatable processing methods, as well as providing descriptions of health benefits and explaining the necessity of reducing reliance on other food sources. Our overview reveals that entomophagy is experiencing a steady increase worldwide, despite its unfamiliarity to the consumers influenced by Western eating habits.

Graphene is an atom-thick, two-dimensional material comprised of a monolayer hexagonal sp 2 -hybridized carbons. [1,2] It is flexible, has a large specific surface area, and exhibits excellent electrical and thermal conductivities and also good mechanical properties. Moreover, given the low cost of natural graphite, the potential for obtaining large quantities of graphene by a low-cost production process is high. As such, graphene and its chemically modified forms [3] are promising building blocks for accessing highly ordered assemblies that are suitable for nanoelectronics, energy storage/conversion, catalysis, composites, and other applications. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Although previous efforts have demonstrated that graphene-based platelets may be assembled into papers, thin films, or other two-dimensional constructs, [9][10][11][12][13] the ability to control the assembly such platelets into three-dimensional (3D) structures could result in the carbon materials that exhibit very large surface areas, unusual or novel physical and electronic properties, unsurpassed chemical functionality, and other attractive features that are necessary for the aforementioned applications. [3,[14][15][16] Herein we demonstrate the self-assembly of graphene oxide (GO) platelets into mechanically flexible, macroporous 3D carbon films with tunable porous morphologies. Selfassembly is the spontaneous bottom-up organization of preexisting components into patterned structures. [17,18] The intrinsic parallelism and scalability inherent to self-assembly can, in principle, enable low-cost, large-scale syntheses of highly ordered nanostructures. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Indeed, as will be described below, the self-assembly of chemically modified graphene platelets into a complex 3D morphology was achieved by the "breath-figure" method, which is a straightforward procedure for synthesizing large-area porous polymer films. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] The breath-figure method as employed herein is illustrated in Figure 1 A. Briefly, polymer-grafted GO platelets were synthesized and dispersed in an organic solvent. The dispersion was then cast onto a suitable substrate and exposed to a stream of humid air. Endothermic evaporation of the volatile organic solvent resulted in the spontaneous conden- Figure 1. A) Procedure for the self-assembly of RGO into macroporous carbon films. B) A photograph of a mechanically flexible, semi-transparent macroporous RGO film on PET. C) A water contact angle of 1528 was measured for the superhydrophobic macroporous RGO film. D) Plane-view and E) 608-tilted SEM images of an RGO film. F,G) Plane-view SEM images of porous RGO film upon (F) and after (G) deformation.

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