Prospective comparative study, Level II.

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Hypertrophy of the muscles on the convex side is suggested as the explanation of this asymmetry rather than atrophy of the muscles on the concave side as muscle atrophy is known to be associated with increased fatty infiltration.

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There is significant variability in sagittal profile of the cervical spine in asymptomatic children. Cervical kyphosis was found in approximately 40% of our study cohort.

Although the incidence of infection following vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty is rare, postoperative infection and cement augmentation in preexisting spondylitis can develop into a life-threatening complication in frail patients with notable comorbidities. In treating infected vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, immediate culture and biopsy and the long-term use of proper antibiotics are critical. Prompt surgical treatment should be considered in case of significant neurologic deficit, severe instability due to infected fracture, and resistance to antibiotics.

The fusion rate of E.BMP-2 was comparable with that of AIBG following PLF. Good clinical efficacy and safety of E.BMP-2 in spinal fusion were also revealed. It was also suggested that HA shows suitability as a carrier for E.BMP-2. Thus, E.BMP-2 with an HA carrier can be an alternative bone graft material in spinal fusion.

No abstract