Exercise can induce anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, for which regulation of sirtuins (SIRTs) may be a major consideration for exercise prescription. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute aerobic exercise, in particular its intensity, on systemic oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and SIRT levels. Twenty healthy, untrained males were recruited and randomly assigned to moderate-intensity (MI, 65% VO2max, n = 10) and high-intensity (HI, 85% VO2max, n = 10) exercise. Blood samples were obtained pre-, immediately post-, and 1 h post-exercise for measurements of malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dis-mutase (SOD), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, SIRT-1, SIRT-2, and SIRT-3. Overall, MDA, SOD, IL-6, SIRT-1, and SIRT-3 levels were significantly increased at post-exercise compared with pre-exercise regardless of exercise intensity (p < 0.05). The HI group had significantly higher MDA, SOD, and IL-6 levels than the MI group at post-exercise (p < 0.05), whereas no significant differences were observed in the IL-1β, TNF-α, and SIRT-2 levels (p > 0.05). Altogether, these findings suggest that exercise-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses may be dependent on exercise intensity. Moreover, activation of inflammatory cytokines and SIRT family members may be dependent on the intensity of the exercise.
This study explains the case study to develop a metaverse-based training system for the management of the physical fitness of youth. The study targeted developing a smart mirror-based AR physical fitness system and a bone age-based physical fitness management service to enhance exercise capability in youth. Accordingly, the data on youth’s bone age, physical strength, and physique were collected. Based on the collected data, the stage of the human development in youth was categorized, and the physical fitness management system providing the exercise program customized for the phases of physical development was implemented. Furthermore, a solution was devised so that youth with less physical exercise experience could practice physical fitness training without a coach using the smart mirror-based AR physical fitness system. This system uses an RGB-D camera and a three-dimensional posture estimation algorithm to recognize a user’s movement, determine movement accuracy, and provide feedback for the improved exercise effect. The XR Physical Fitness, using a smart mirror implemented in this article, features two features of metaverse’s augmented reality and lifelogging, enabling the youth to enjoy more immersive and enjoyable exercise experiences.
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