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Existing oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys are, besides Ni-based superalloy single crystals, the most creep-resistant materials. The creep resistance of the ODS alloys may, moreover, be significantly improved thanks to increasing the volume fraction of the nano oxides by more than one order of magnitude so that the oxides play a decisive role in strengthening. The present experimental study deals with two systems of such a high-volume fraction of nano oxides, namely, the Fe-11Al-1O and Fe-17Cr-7Al-4Y 2 O 3 systems prepared by mechanical alloying and hot rolling leading to a rather stable fine-grained microstructure. This microstructure undergoes static recrystallization at high temperatures. The kinetics of static recrystallization and coarsening of nano oxides in recrystallized grains is determined for both systems. The difference in kinetics of coarsening of Al-based and Y-based oxides in the Fe-11Al-1O and Fe-17Cr-7Al-4Y 2 O 3 systems is expressive and predetermines the Fe-17Cr-7Al-4Y 2 O 3 system or similar ones to become the new leading system among creep-and oxidation-resistant materials for applications up to 1200 • C. fraction of even finer sizes of oxides. Then, however, one cannot expect the resistivity of oxides against coarsening at very high temperatures. ODS alloys are produced in two steps: nano-composite powder from the matrix of the respective chemical composition and Y 2 O 3 is produced by mechanical alloying (MA), which is then hot consolidated in the second step. The recent commercially produced ODS alloys are represented by MA956 or MA957 [4], PM 2000 or PM 2010 [5], ODM alloys [6], 1DK or 1DS [7]. The non-commercially produced, experimental and advanced versions of ODS alloys are ODS Eurofer [8], 12YWT [9], 14YWT [10] and 9YWT [11]. New research on 14YWT [12] showed that mechanical properties of ODS alloys can significantly be improved via optimized processing consisting of a controlled thermo-mechanical treatment and in lowering content of N and C introduced during MA. Both steps led to a significant increase in fracture toughness attributed to improved cohesion of grain boundaries. However, processing of 14YWT is still extremely demanding [12].The excellent creep properties of the ODS alloys are explained by an attractive interaction of dislocations with oxides modeled by Rösler and Arzt [13], who predicted a threshold stress for creep decreasing with coarsening of oxides. A more detailed discrete dislocation model treating the collective interaction of precipitates with dislocations during creep has been published very recently [14]. A model for coarsening in multicomponent systems [15] shows that coarsening kinetics is proportional to the product of the solubility and the diffusion coefficient of O in the matrix. The solubility of O is determined by the chemical stability of the oxide (yttria is reported as the chemically most stable oxide) and a significant resistance against coarsening was confirmed by Krautwasser et al. [16] for yttria particles. The creep properties of ODS a...

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The Eu 3+-doped transparent aluminas were prepared by wet shaping technique followed by pressure-less sintering and hot isostatic pressing. The effect of dopant amount on microstructure, real in-line transmission (RIT), photoluminescence (PL) properties, hardness and fracture behaviour was studied. The RIT decreased with increasing amount of the dopant. The PL emission spectra of Al2O3:Eu 3+ ceramics exhibited predominant red light emission with the highest intensity (under 394 nm excitation) for material containing 0.125 at.% of Eu 3+ and colour coordinates (0.645, 0.355) comparable with commercial red phosphors. The doping resulted in hardness increase from 26.1 GPa for undoped alumina to 27.6 GPa for Eu-doped sample. The study of fracture surfaces showed predominantly intergranular crack propagation micro-mechanism.

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