Paper‐based electronics has attracted growing interest owing to many advantages of papers including low‐cost, abundance, flexibility, biocompatibility, and environmental friendliness. Despite recent progress in paper electronics, however, development of a high‐performance paper‐based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), which is a power‐generating device that converts mechanical energy into electric energy by coupling triboelectrification and electrostatic induction, remains a challenge mainly due to weak electron‐donating tendency of cellulose‐based papers. In this work, highly conductive ferroelectric cellulose composite papers containing silver nanowires and BaTiO3 nanoparticles are fabricated, and their successful application for realizing a large‐area TENG with enhanced electrical output performance is demonstrated. It is found that triboelectric charge generation on the ferroelectric cellulose composite paper can be promoted by simple poling treatment, which significantly enhances TENG performance. The ferroelectric cellulose composite paper–based TENG exhibits an electrical output performance that surpasses those of aluminum‐based and pristine cellulose–based TENGs by more than two times, as well as outstanding output stability without a noticeable degradation in performance during 10 000 cycles of a repeated pushing test. The work demonstrates the great potential of multifunctional cellulose‐based papers for TENG and other self‐powered electronic applications.
Self-assembly of plasmonic metal nanoparticles can provide an opportunity of creating colloidal superparticles with fascinating optical properties arising from interparticle plasmonic coupling, but typically requires multiple steps involving solvent and/or ligand exchange. We developed a direct, one-step chemical synthesis of plasmonic black colloidal Au superparticles with broadband absorption in visible and near-infrared regions. During the synthesis, the Au superparticles were formed through self-assembly of in-situ-formed Au nanoparticles driven by solvophobic interactions between nanoparticles and solvent. These superparticles could be solution-processed to fabricate a thin film, which exhibited near-perfect absorption over a broad range from 400 nm to 2.5 μm as well as the excellent antireflective property. Thanks to their broadband absorption property, the Au superparticles showed good performances for near-infrared surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and light-to-heat conversion.
Silver (Ag) nanowires (NWs) are promising building blocks for flexible transparent electrodes, which are key components in fabricating soft electronic devices such as flexible organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Typically, Ag NWs have been synthesized using a polyol method, but it still remains a challenge to produce high-aspect-ratio Ag NWs via a simple and rapid process. In this work, we developed a modified polyol method and newly found that the addition of propylene glycol to ethylene glycol-based polyol synthesis facilitated the growth of Ag NWs, allowing the rapid production of long Ag NWs with high aspect ratios of about 2000 in a high yield (∼90%) within 5 min. Transparent electrodes fabricated with our Ag NWs exhibited performance comparable to that of an indium tin oxide-based electrode. With these Ag NWs, we successfully demonstrated the fabrication of a large-area flexible OLED with dimensions of 30 cm × 15 cm using a roll-to-roll process.
Silver (Ag) nanowires (NWs) are promising building blocks for fabrication of flexible transparent electrodes, but their poor adhesion to polymeric substrates causes delamination of NWs from a substrate during repeated deformation, which leads to degradation in electrical performance. A new and simple approach is developed to dramatically improve mechanical, chemical, and thermal stability of a Ag NW electrode by hybridizing a NW network film with an organic molecular nanoadhesive layer without sacrificing its inherent excellent optoelectrical properties. It is discovered that some of pyridine derivatives such as 4‐dimethylaminopyridine can be solution‐processed and annealed to form a transparent layer with high adhesion to polymeric substrates such as poly(ethylene terephthalate). In addition to high optical transparency and electrical conductivity, the NW‐nanoadhesive hybrid film exhibits low surface roughness, reduced optical haze, and excellent adhesion to the substrate without delamination against 100 cycles of tape detachment and 10 000 cycles of bending tests at 1 mm of bending radius. Furthermore, the hybrid film exhibits good air‐oxidation and thermal stability over 24 h at 100 °C. The hybrid electrodes show good performance in applications for flexible touch panel and thin film heater.
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