Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 )TiO 3 (BNT) is an excellent candidate lead-free piezoelectric material system. This study prepares BNT ceramics using the hydrothermal method at 180 C with an NaOH concentration of 12 M. The effect of potassium content on the crystal structure of the ceramics is studied. A single phase of [Bi 0.5 (Na 1¡x K x ) 0.5 ]TiO 3 ceramics is obtained using the process applied to obtain BNT. The phase structure transformed from rhombohedral to tetragonal at x D 0.3, as evidenced by the disappearance of the cubic phase. The surface morphology of the materials is affected by K substitution.
Besides the usual acrylates, 4-[4-(n-acryloloxyalkyloxy)phenyl]benzoic acids( 4 a a ) , new acrylates containing two units of acrylic acid, 4-{4-[n-(3-acryloloxypropionyloxy)alkyloxy]phenyl}benzoic acid (5a-54, are formed by the esterification of acrylic acid and 4-[4-(n-hydroxyalkyIoxy)phenyl]benzoic acid (3).All the mesogenic monomers which were synthesized from the corresponding acrylates (4a-5c) and 4-hydroxyphenyl 2(S)-[2(S)-methylbutoxy]propionate (2) exhibit the enantiotropic Sg and S, phases. The Sg phase temperature range is up to 44°C. The range of spontaneous polarization and response time for those monomers is between 34 and 85nCcm-2, and 55 and 460ps, respectively. Some liquid crystal side chain polymers containing 2 are switchable in the presence of an electric field. A spontaneous polarization of 72nCcm-' and a response time of 2.6 ms were the best results obtained for those polyacrylates.
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