Edge-functionalized graphite (EFG) is prepared via a "direct" covalent attachment of organic molecular wedges. The EFG is dispersed in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone with a concentration as high as 0.27 mg mL(-1), leading to high-yield exfoliation of the three-dimensional graphite into two-dimensional graphene-like sheets.

The accuracy of colposcopic diagnosis depends on the skill and proficiency of physicians. This study evaluated the feasibility of interpreting colposcopic images with the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) for the diagnosis of high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions. This study included female patients who underwent colposcopy-guided biopsy in 2020 at two institutions in the Republic of Korea. Two experienced colposcopists reviewed all images separately. The Cerviray AI® system (AIDOT, Seoul, Korea) was used to interpret the cervical images. AI demonstrated improved sensitivity with comparable specificity and positive predictive value when compared with the colposcopic impressions of each clinician. The areas under the curve were greater with combined impressions (both AI and that of the two colposcopists) of high-grade lesions, when compared with the individual impressions of each colposcopist. This study highlights the feasibility of the application of an AI system in cervical cancer screening. AI interpretation can be utilized as an assisting tool in combination with human colposcopic evaluation of exocervix.

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Recombinant baculoviruses containing two alternative splice forms of the Drosophila Rdl GABA receptor gene were constructed. Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf21) cells infected with either splice form expressed a transcript of expected size (2.5 kb). Western blotting of cell membrane extracts and immunoprecipitation experiments with an anti-Rdl antiserum recognized a protein of the expected size of -65 kDa. Whole cell patch clamp analysis of cells infected with either splice form revealed functional expression of GABA gated chloride ion channels which were blocked by application of 1 PM picrotoxinin. Following replacement of alanine 302 with a serine, a mutation associated with resistance to picrotoxinin and cyclodiene insecticides, mutant channels showed similar levels of insensitivity to picrotoxinin (-RIO-fold) as those observed in recordiugs from cultured ~~0~0~~~~~ neurons. The significance of the expression of an insect GABA receptor in an insect cell line and the s~il~ty of the results from these functional expression studies to recordings from cultured neurons is discussed.

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Clinicians and researchers have used various methods to reproduce the maxillomandibular relationship and mandibular movement of individual patients using an articulator, with efforts being made to reduce errors associated with the conventional technique. When a change to a vertical dimension is required during the conventional prosthesis construction process, the maxillary and mandibular casts are mounted on the mechanical articulator using a facebow and bite registration and the elevation of the anterior guide pin of the articulator is used. However, this can inevitably cause errors due to differences between the articulator hinge movement and the actual trajectory of the patient. There has recently been increasing interest in tracking the trajectory of jaw motion of a patient, and this paper presents a new technique for altering the vertical dimension based on the measured trajectory. Target materials for performing tracking are attached to the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth to record opening and closing movements of the patient’s mouth in real time and align the patient’s scanned intraoral data or cast data. The movements of the targets are replaced with the movement of the patient’s oral scan data. Additionally, then the occlusal vertical dimension is set to a new position based on the obtained trajectory. After determining the optimal vertical dimension with consideration of the space required for restoration, maxillary and mandibular STL files are exported and the designed cast is created using a 3D printer. The printed cast is mounted on an articulator for subsequent procedures. This approach maintains the patient’s actual maxillomandibular relationship at various vertical heights and can also reduce the chair time required when adjusting for errors.

Toxicity, antioxidant activity, and biological functionality of Korean black raspberry wine (KBRW) extracts on human ARPE-19 and HepG2 cells were determined using MTT and lipid/ malonaldehyde (MA) assays and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as well as anti-obesity effect of KBRW extracts on various cancer cells. All samples inhibited MA formation by 38.0-88.0%. Bokbunja and Sanmaesu exerted greater inhibitory effect than other wines. Both cell lines were each treated with KBRW for 24 h, and viability was measured by MTT assay. No toxicity was found, even at 500 µg/mL. Changes in gene expression for CYP7A1, low-density-lipoprotein receptor (LDL) receptor, 3hydrozy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, and vescular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were assessed by semiquantitative RT-PCR. CYP7A1 and LDL receptor expressions in ARPE-19 cells were elevated, whereas HMG CoA reductase expression was decreased by Bokbunja and Sanmaesu. Expression of VEGF was decreased by Bokbunja but elevated by Sanmaesu. In HepG2 cells, gene expression was similar after Bokbunja and Sanmaesu treatments. CYP7A1 and HMG CoA expressions were elevated. LDL receptor expression was increased by Bokbunja but decreased by Sanmaesu. Bokbunja and Sanmaesu inhibited VEGF expression but elevated those of CYP7A1 and HMG CoA reductase. Bokbunja and Sanmaesu displayed anti-cholesterol effects that could be attributed to increased gene expression in CYP7A1 and HMG CoA reductase.