The present study is to clarify the present influences of acid concentration and temperature of caustic hydrothermal method on extracting the titanium dioxide (TiO2) from synthetic rutile waste. In this experimental work, the caustic hydrothermal method comprises two processes: a decomposition and the sulphate process. The extracted titanium is characterized by using a electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to specify its chemical composition, field emission scanning electron microscope to determine the morphology and particle size, and lastly it is the X-ray diffraction to analyse the crystallinity of extracted titanium. In this study, we found that both acid concentration and temperature affected the TiO2 growth while the calcination process could improve the crystallinity of extracted titanium.
Background. Potential antibacterial substances, such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), are being extensively studied throughout the research world. A modified hydrothermal nanotitania extraction was shown to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus growth in the laboratory. However, the toxicity effect of the extract on rats is unknown. In this study, we observed the effects of a modified hydrothermal nanotitania extraction on the skin and behavior of Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods. Sprague-Dawley (Rattus norvegicus) rats were used as the experimental animals. The skin around the dorsum of the tested animals was shaved and pasted with 0.1 mg and 0.5 mg of the nanotitania extraction. The color and condition of the pasted area and the behavior of the animals were observed. Results. 0.1 mg nanotitania extraction application on the dorsum of the rat produced no skin color changes at day 1, day 3, day 5, or day 7 postapplication. There were no changes in their behavior up to day 7 with no skin rashes or skin scratches seen or fur changes. However, 0.5 mg of nanotitania extraction resulted in redness and less fur regrowth at day 7. Conclusions. A 0.1 mg modified nanotitania extraction was observed to have no effect on the skin of Sprague-Dawley rats.
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