No abstract

Myocardial infarction (MI) is characterized by an inequity of coronary blood supply and demand, which results in myocardial ischemic injury and damages the cardiomyocytes. Isoproterenol (ISO) is a synthetic catecholamine cause toxicity leading to severe stress in the myocardium of experimental animals. The aim of the present article is to investigate cardioprotective activity of cranberry extract against ISO-induced cardiotoxicity in adult rats. Oral administration of cranberry extract at a concentration of 75 and 150 mg/kg b.wt. daily for 28 days showed a significant protection againstinduced alteration in plasma total cholesterol (TC), triacyclglycerols (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) as well as cardiac superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) levels. In addition, cranberry extract reduced plasma Creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) as well as cardiac thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels (MDA) as compared to control group. In conclusion, cranberry extract renders resiliency against isoproterenol cardiotoxicity due to its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity.

The photo transitions of Erythromycin 2-propionate dodecyl sulphate (C40H71NO14, C12H26O4S) using Nitrogen Laser beam have been studied at different periods of time. Different techniques have been used to analyze and identify final products.The results showed that photo transitions of Erythromycin -Estolate which measured by conductivity initially increased and then decreased with time especially at high pulse rate. While pH showed a different behavior and initially there was reduction in pH values by increasing the pulse rate. The kinetic study indicated that the rate of reaction is of the second-order type . The qualitative identification showed that the final products were; First: 6-(4-Dimethylamino-3-O-propionyl -6-methyltetrahydro-pyran-2yloxy)-14-ethyl-4-(5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4,6-dimethy-tetrahydro-pyran-2yloxy)-3,5,7,9,11,13-hexamethyl-oxacyclotetradeca-2,10-dione-7,12,13propaniol dodecyl sulphate.  Second: 6-(4-Dimethylamino-3-O-propionyl -6-methyltetrahydro-pyran-2yloxy)-14-ethyl-4-(5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4,6-dimethy-tetrahydro-pyran-2yloxy)-3,5,7,9,11,13-hexamethyl-oxacyclotetradeca-2,9-diene-2,7,10,12,13pentaol dodecyl sulphate. The final products showed an existaence of enol group through a tautomerism reaction of keto enol.

Selenium nanoparticles have received wide attention because of their importance in nutrition compared to other forms of selenium used in food fortification. Within recent study, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were prepared, characterized, and evaluated in albino rats to identify their hepatic protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity. Fifty white albino rats were divided randomly into five groups. Group I was used as a negative control, group II was administrated daily dose of CP (5 mg/kg body weight/8 weeks) orally by gavage, group III were administrated SeNPs orally at a dose of (2 mg/kg body weight / 12 weeks) three times weekly. Group IV was administrated CP at a dose of (5 mg/kg body weight/8 weeks) daily orally then administrated SeNPs orally at a dose of (2 mg/kg body weight / 4 weeks) three times weekly. Group V (protected group) was administrated SeNPs orally at a dose of (2 mg/kg body weight/4 weeks) three times weekly, then administrated daily dose of CP (5 mg/kg body weight/8 weeks) orally with continuous administration of SeNPs till the end. Based on results obtained, CP administration in group II showed significant increase in serum liver enzymes activity (AST, ALT, and ALP), which was followed by a substantial significant decrease in serum albumin conc. and tissue antioxidants (GPx, SOD, and CAT) activity, with significant increase in cytokine levels (IL6, IL1β). Such biochemical changes were significantly improved by Nano-Se treatment, particularly in the protected rats. The current study found that Nano-Se reduces oxidative stress in liver tissue caused by CP administration.

The goal of this research was to see if using Cur-NPs could boost curcumin bioavailability and to see whether Cur-NPs could protect rats from Cp-induced hepatotoxicity. Five groups of fifty white albino rats were formed at random. Group I acted as negative control while group II received Cyclophosphamide daily dosage of (5 mg/kg body weight) via oral gavage for 8 weeks. Group III received Cur-NPs at a dosage of (20 mg/kg bw) 3 days a week via oral gavage for 4 weeks. Group IV received CP as group II and treated with Cur-NPs as group III for 4 weeks. Group V received Cur-NPs as protector, for 4 weeks before CP administration as group II with continuous administration with Cur-NPs till the end. At the end of the experiment, blood and tissue samples were obtained for biochemical, antioxidant enzyme, and cytokine level determination. According to the findings, giving CP to rats in group II increased serum liver function enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP), which was followed by a substantial decrease in serum albumin conc. and tissue antioxidants (GPx, SOD, and CAT) activity, as well as increased levels of cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β). Cur-NPs treatment improved these biochemical changes dramatically, particularly in group These findings suggest that Cur-NPs may be a potential hepatoprotective agent for reducing liver oxidative stress caused by various stress factors.