Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pit of an enormous group of free-living bacteria that are able to live everywhere and suggested to be the causative agent of great scope of acute and chronic animal infections. Aim: The current study was carried out to illustrate the prevalence of P. aeruginosa in small ruminants and existence of some virulence operons as well as its antimicrobial resistance. Materials and Methods: A total of 155 samples from sheep and 105 samples from goats (mouth abscesses, fecal swabs, nasal, tracheal swabs, and lung tissue) were collected for bacteriological study, existence of some virulence expression operons with the study of their sensitivity to the antimicrobials using disc diffusion and presence of mexR operon which is responsible for multidrug resistance (MDR). Results: The bacteriological examination revealed that P. aeruginosa was isolated from nine out of 155 samples from sheep (5.8%) and four isolates out of 105 samples from goat (3.8%). It is found that 12 (92.3%), 10 (76.9 %), and 8 (61.5%) of P. aeruginosa isolates harbored hemolysin phospholipase gene (pclH), gene (exoS), and enterotoxin gene (toxA), respectively. The results of antibiotic sensitivity test showed that all tested isolates were resistant to ampicillin, bacitracin, erythromycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and tobramycin but sensitive to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. The MDR (mexR) operon was existed in all isolates. Conclusion: There is a growing risk for isolation of virulent MDR P. aeruginosa from sheep and goat illness cases, and this should be regarded in the efficient control programs.

Aims: one of the most important foodborne microorganisms is the Gram’s positive environmental wide spread Listeria spp. As the Listeria may be considered a public health concern so there is in needing to rapid, precise and reliable diagnosis of the organism in consumed food. The present study aimed to survey the presence of Listeria spp. among two popular consuming Egyptian white soft cheese using advanced biochemical, antibiotic susceptibility and molecular techniques. Methodology: Listeria spp. was investigated in 155 samples of two white soft cheeses (70 kareish cheese and 85 Damietta cheese) collected from street vendors and retail markets in Giza. The existence of Listeria spp. was tested through cultural and the identification was confirmed biochemically by Vitek2 compact system as well as molecular identification via diplex real time PCR using species specific primers. Results: The results of the study revealed the isolation of two Listeria spp. in a total number of 22 from155 samples (14.19%); 14 isolate out of 70 (20%) Kareish cheese while 8 isolates out of 85 (9.4%) Damietta cheese's samples. The 22 Listeria spp. isolates were differentiated into L. innocua 15 (68.18%), and L. monocytogenes 7 (31.81%) also their antimicrobial susceptibility was declared using advanced Vitek-2 compact system. The two Listeria spp. isolates were definitely confirmed by using diplex DNA hybridization real PCR technique. Conclusion: Soft raw milk based cheese is a popular food in Egypt and looked on as a risk for foodborne bacteria contamination. The data of this study pointed out that there is a potential risk of infection with Listeria, especially the public health concern L. monocytogenes. The current study presented Vitek-2 compact system as advanced technique for not only for identification and differentiation of Listeria strains but also for their antimicrobial susceptibility. Furthermore the using of diplex real PCR technique gives a chance for quick and precise identification.

Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) is an important zoonotic pathogen implemented in various hospital, community as well as livestock infections. Pets as dogs and cats have increased their close social relation with human leading to significant elevation in transmission of zoonoticmultidrug resistant virulent pathogens.Diplex polymerase chain reaction was applied on ten clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from wound and nasal samples from dogs and cats for detection of twoslime formation encoding genes;icaA andicaD. The positive genes carrying isolates were encouraged to produce biofilm and evaluated phenotypically by cultivation onto Congo red medium. Quantitative assessment was done using a microtiter plate assay, also the formed biofilm examined by fluorescent and scanning electron microscopy. Four out of tested tenStaphylococcus aureus isolates were found to harbor the two genes separately.The four isolates displayed positive biofilm production onto Congo red medium while only three isolates produced biofilmin sterile polystyrene 96-well microtiter plate. One isolate associated dog infection developed strong biofilm formation which examined byboth fluorescent and scanning electron microscopy.Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from diseased dogs and cats can produce biofilm that increasing their virulence and pathogenicity as well as public health concern.