Introduction:Upper extremity pain is a common problem in SCI patients in the acute and chronic stages after their injury, and that could be severe enough to interfere with Activity of Daily Livings (ADLs).Heavy load in upper extremity during wheelchair propulsion and other weight bearing activities such as transfer and weight shifting is the main cause behind upper extremity pain and problems.
Objectives:To investigate the incidence of upper extremity complaints among SCI patients, and to study the predicting factors and main etiologies resulting in these complaints among patients who are followed in SCI clinic at the Royal Rehabilitation Centre, Royal Medical Services.
Methods and subjects:Study design and setting: A retrospective design will be conducted to collect data fromthe electronic notes of SCI patients followed in SCI clinic at the Royal Rehabilitation Centre, Royal Medical Services in a one-year period of time since Jan2018 till Jan 2019.
Study sample:A total of 200 files of SCI patients will be included.
Study results:The prevalence of upper extremity pains among patients with SCI was about 84%. The mean age of study participants was 43.78±13.5 years. Sixty percent of study participants were males. Shoulders and wrists were the most frequent locations affecting by upper extremity pains.
Conclusions:Patients with SCI have high rates of upper extremity pains particularly in shoulder or wrist.
Background: Rising caesarean section rate is a concerning trend for the future of Oman. Every woman wants to have a vaginal birth with short labour, no, or little pain relief and an intact perineum. Care during labour was different in olden days. The rate has gone up steadily since the introduction of a lot of technology during childbirth. Caesarean section carries increased risk for the mother and baby. The present work is aimed at studying the various reasons for this rising rate and measures to reduce the caesarean section rates. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the rising rates of caesarean section was done from year 2006 up to 2011 and the main indications and complications for caesarean section in year 2011 were analysed. Results: A rising trend of caesarean section has been observed in the last six years as the rate has increased from 15.1% in 2006 to 18.9% in 2011. The main indications for caesarean section in descending order have been fetal distress, malpresentation, followed by a large group which included maternal request, macrosomia > 4kgs, abnormal placentation followed by repeat caesarean section and non-progress of labour. There were many maternal complications observed in this group, like wound infections, anaesthetic complications and a few cases of exploratory laparotomy. Conclusion: Multilevel, multidisciplinary approach and strategies are needed to change the system that would help the midwives, obstetricians and various working groups together to achieve a common goal of developing care to reduce caesarean sections in Oman.
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