Objective: Child abuse and neglect are considered public health issues by authorities such as the World Health Organization (WHO). This study evaluated the effectiveness of the trainings given to university students. Materials and Methods: In this study, we trained university students at Gazi University who are likely to deal with child abuse cases after graduation. By developing two scales, Child Abuse and Neglect Awareness Scale (CANA-S) and Child Abuse and Neglect Knowledge Test (CANK-T), to assess students' knowledge and awareness levels regarding child abuse and neglect, we evaluated the training's impact. Results: We assessed the knowledge and awareness levels of 43 students before and after training by using our scales, The knowledge level has improved significantly in all groups regardless of age, sex, and department. Similarly, the awareness level has also risen significantly, except regarding the physical abuse subscale. Conclusion: Overall awareness after education was significant among students from the health and social sciences departments. Total awareness scores did not increase significantly among law students. Measuring and disseminating the effectiveness of these trainings through proper prevention programs will be effective in reducing child abuse in the future.

In this study, we aimed at determining child abuse and neglect awareness of medical students attending one of the top medical schools in Turkey. The study group comprised 350 third-year medical students at Gazi University, School of Medicine, Ankara. The items in the scale were prepared by two experienced pediatricians and revised according to feedback received from two pilot studies and experts in this field of study. A 20-item "Child Abuse and Neglect Awareness" scale (CANA-S) was developed by an expert panel. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. We also measured test-retest reliability and internal consistency. Conformity for factor analysis of the scale's construct validity revealed a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sample concordance coefficient of 0.799. For the Bartlett Sphericity test, c2 value was 1157.750 (p<0.01). Based on these analyses, the scale explains 44.9% of the total variance and consists of 20 items and 4 subscales. Cronbach's alpha value and correlation coefficient were 0.768 and r=0.204 (p=0.045), respectively. This scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for evaluating awareness about child abuse and neglect among the medical students.

HBsAg and anti-HBs levels by using Micro ELİSA technics were included. Children were categorized into five age groups. Results: 4231 HBsAg levels were measured and HBsAg positivity was found to be 0.80% (34/4231). 64.70% (22/34) of these were male, 35.30%; (12/34) were female. There was no significant relationship between the two groups regarding HBsAg positivity (p=0,389). 2962 anti-HBs levels were measured and anti-HBs seropositivity was found as 75.30% (2231/2962); anti-HBS seropositivity were 73.40%; (1173/1599) for males and 77,60%; (1057/1363) for females. There was significant relationship between two groups regarding antiHBs seropositivity (p=0,011). According to the age groups, seropositivity ratios were found as 78.70% (118/150), 60.60% (260/429), 64.20% (312/486), 85.10% (798/938) and 77.40% (743/960) in first, second, third, fourth and fifth groups respectively; and statistically significant relationship was found between them. Conclusion: Our study is important for evaluating the seroepidemiology of hepatitis B vaccination that has been administered for 16 years and before. It may also be useful for similar studies comparing different regions.

Amaç: Tüberoskleroz kompleksi (TSK) vücutta birçok organın tutulumu ile karakterize, otozomal dominant kalıtım gösteren genetik bir rahatsızlıktır. Bu çalışmada TSK tanı kriterlerinin ve tanı kriterleri dışındaki bulguların sıklığını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: TSK tanılı 35 hastanın verileri geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Hastaların tanısı, 2012 yılında güncellenen TSK'nin tanı kriterlerine göre değerlendirildi. Tanısal olmayan kriterler olarak; epilepsi, ilaca dirençli epilepsi, elektroensefalografi (EEG) tiplerini (fokal, diffüz-multifokal ve hiperaritmi) ve TAND'ı (TSC ile ilişkili nöropsikiyatrik bozukluklar) (zihinsel yetersizlik ve / veya otizm ve öğrenme yetersizliği) inceledik. Bulgular: Yirmi bir hasta (%60) nöbet geçirme, 9 hasta (%26) hipopigmente lekelenmeler ve 5 hasta (%14) kardiyak rabdomiyomlar nedeniyle başvurmuştu. Beyin magnetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) ile en sık saptanan bulgu kortikal tüberlerdi (%85). Nöbet geçiren hastaların EEG incelemelerinde 5'inde (%24) yaygın ve multifokal epileptik bozukluk, 8'inde (%38) fokal epileptik bozukluk ve 8'inde (%38) hipsaritmi paterni saptandı. Epilepsi tanısı ile izlenen olguların %38'i dirençli epilepsi tanısına sahipti. Ağır derecede entelektüel yetersizlik ve/veya otizm 11 (%32) hastada saptandı. Dirençli epilepsi grubunda böbrek anjiomiyolipomaları olan hasta sayısı anlamlı olarak fazlaydı (p:0.001) ve aynı zamanda tüberoskleroz ile ilişkili nöropsikiyatrik bozuklukların oranı anlamlı olarak epilepsi grubunda yüksekti (p:0.001). Sonuç: Hastalığın multidisipliner bir yaklaşım ile takip edilmesi gerekmektedir. Tanı kriterlerinde yer almasa da epilepsi, entelektüel yetersizlik ve nöropsikiyatrik bozuklukların sık eşlik ettiği akılda tutulmalıdır.