The ACE D/I and PAI-1 4G/5G gene polymorphisms might represent risk factor in PCOS with SAB. Homozygosity for ACE D or PAI-1 4G polymorphisms as well as compound carrier status are significant positive explanatory variable for PCOS patients with SAB, which may result in increased PAI-1 concentrations and hypofibrinolysis and contribute to early pregnancy loss.
Our results raise the possibility that MMPs may be implicated in the pathophysiology of PCOS either by regulating ovarian tissue remodeling or indirectly by facilitating IGF-I bioavailability through proteolysis of IGFBP-1.
Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP 2 ), an inner mitochondrial membrane protein, can limit the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protect cells from injuries mediated by oxidative stress. We investigated the effect of upregulation of UCP 2 in the regenerating liver 96 h after 68% partial hepatectomy (PH) on the self-protection of regenerating liver against carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) poisoning. Hepatotoxicity was induced in vivo by administering CCl 4 to rats that had undergone PH. After CCl 4 poisoning, the regenerating liver appeared to have less histological damage and lower serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Lower malondialdehyde production and higher glutathione contents were also observed in the regenerating liver compared with the shamoperated liver after CCl 4 poisoning. UCP 2 expression was markedly elevated in the regenerating liver, and further increased after CCl 4 intoxication. Mitochondrial membrane potential and adenosine triphosphate stores maintained higher levels in the regenerating liver than in sham-operated liver after CCl 4 intoxication. The results showed that the regenerating liver exhibited a potent ability to resist CCl 4 intoxication, and the autoprotection of regenerating liver might result from reduction of ROS by UCP 2 and maintenance of higher ATP stores.
<abstract><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma is a highly malignant tumor and patients yield limited benefits from the existing treatments. The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors is promising but the results described in the literature are not favorable. It is therefore urgent to systematically analyze the immune microenvironment of HCC and screen the population best suited for the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors to provide a basis for clinical treatment. In this study, we collected The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC)-related data sets to evaluate the immune microenvironment and immune cell infiltration (ICI) in HCC. Three independent ICI subtypes showing significant differences in survival were identified. Further, TCGA-LIHC immunophenoscore (IPS) was used to identify the differentially expressed genes between high- and low-IPS in HCC, so as to identify the immune gene subtypes in HCC tumors. The ICI score model for HCC was constructed, whereby we divided HCC samples into high- and low-score groups based on the median ICI score. The differences between these groups in genomic mutation load and immunotherapy benefit in HCC were examined in detail to provide theoretical support for accurate immunotherapy strategy in HCC. Finally, four genes were screened, which could accurately predict the subtype based on the tumor immune infiltration score. The findings may provide a basis and simplify the process for screening clinical drugs suitable for relevant subgroups.</p></abstract>
Stable expression of IFN-γ significantly inhibits the proliferation of ovarian carcinoma cells and has the potential to be used in clinical applications to treat ovarian carcinoma in the future.
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