Our study suggested that the drainage types after PCNL using a nephrostomy tube or a JJ stent or an open-ended ureteral catheter were equally safe and efficacious, but patients who received a nephrostomy tube or an open-ended ureteral catheter had better HRQoL.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the second most common human urinary tumor. Eupatilin is the main active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine Artemisia asiatica. The effect of Eupatilin on RCC and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. Here, we investigated the anticancer effects and mechanisms of Eupatilin in RCC in vivo and in vitro, laying an experimental foundation for the clinical application of Eupatilin in the treatment of RCC. The results showed that Eupatilin significantly inhibited 786-O cell viability and migration and promoted apoptosis. Eupatilin inhibited the expression of miR-21 in 786-O cells, and overexpression of miR-21 suppressed the effect of Eupatilin on viability, apoptosis, and migration in 786-O cells. Eupatilin inhibited the growth of renal tumors in nude mice by downregulating miR-21. YAP1, which was identified as a target of miR-21, showed significantly lower expression in RCC tissues than in healthy tissues. miR-21 significantly inhibited YAP1 protein expression in 786-O cells and tumor tissues isolated from nude mice, and YAP1 attenuated the effect of miR-21 on the viability, apoptosis, and migration of 786-O cells. In conclusion, Eupatilin inhibited the expression of miR-21, which mediated the proapoptotic and antimigratory effects of Eupatilin by suppressing YAP1 in renal cancer cells. These results suggested that Eupatilin could be a potent agent for the treatment of RCC.
Background Syntaxin4 (STX4) gene encodes the protein STX4, a member of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors protein, playing a vital role in cell invadopodium formation and invasion, which is associated with the malignant progression of various human cancers. However, the expression and prognostic significance of STX4 in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) remain to be investigated. Methods In this study, we collected the mRNA expression of STX4 in 535 KIRC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlasthrough the University of California Santa Cruz Xena database platform. Then we explored the expression of STX4 in KIRC, and the relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic value. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes function enrichment analyses were used to explore the potential mechanism of STX4 in KIRC. qRT-PCR analysis was performed toverify the above results with real world tissue specimens. Results The results indicated that STX4 was up-expressed in KIRC, and were associated with higher histological grade, advanced stage, and poorer prognosis. Moreover, elevated STX4 expression is an independent risk factor for KIRC. qRT-PCR analysis showed that STX4 was significantly elevated in 10 paired of KIRC samples compared to normal samples. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that endo/exocytosis, autophagy, mTOR signaling pathway, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway were enriched. Conclusions In summary, STX4 is constantly up-expressed in KIRC tissues, associated with a poor prognosis. We suggest that it can be an effective biomarker for the prognosis of KIRC and may be a novel therapeutic target in KIRC.
Rationale: Tigecycline is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent structurally belong to tetracyclines and covers against many multidrug-resistant organisms. Arising clinical cases reporting its adverse drug reactions have emerged alongside with the increasing off label use globally. By literature review, delirium caused by tigecycline has not been reported yet. We present what we believe to be the first case of tigecycline-induced delirium. Patient concerns: A 77-year-old male patient with end-stage renal disease was hospitalized due to acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Diagnosis: The patient developed delirium after infused with a loading dose of tigecycline for pulmonary infection. Interventions: All potential causes inducing delirium were evaluated and the symptoms improved soon after discontinuation of tigecycline. He experienced delirium once again after reusing tigecycline for the exacerbation of the pulmonary infection even without a loading dose. Tigecycline was discontinued and the symptoms quickly relieved. Outcomes: According to the Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale, tigecycline was the probable cause of his delirium. Lessons: Clinicians should be aware of this potential adverse effect of tigecycline. We recommend that clinicians monitor patients for signs and symptoms of delirium during treatment with tigecycline.
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