Ionic liquids have been widely used in different fields by advantage of their specific properties. In this work, 1-methyl-3-(3-trimethoxysilyl propyl)imidazolium chloride was prepared and chemically bonded onto basalt fibers for in-tube solid-phase microextraction. Through combining in-tube extraction device with high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a diode array detector, an online enrichment and analysis method for eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was established under the optimum conditions. A good enrichment factor (52-814), good linearity (0.10-15 and 0.20-15 μg/L), low limits of detection (0.03-0.05 μg/L), and low limits of quantitation (0.10-0.20 μg/L) were achieved using a sample volume of 50 mL. Analysis method was applied to the real samples including the groundwater and wastewater from a chemical industry park, some target analytes were detected and the relative recoveries were in the range of 80.4-116.8%.
Natural ventilation is one of the vital means for passive energy-efficient design in green buildings. As a widely used building façade, the perforated plate is mostly utilized for appearance decoration, noise absorption, and sun shading, but its impact on the natural ventilation effect has rarely been paid attention to. In this study, the influence of the perforation rate, the perforation size, and the perforation shape on the flow coefficient of the perforated plate were simulated using the commercial CFD software Fluent, and the correlation between the flow coefficient and these geometric parameters was then regressed. The results show that the flow coefficient of perforated plate increases with the increase in perforation rate, which is slightly greater than that of ordinary building openings, and the corresponding flow coefficients of different holes rank as circle > square > triangle under the same conditions. The flow coefficient increases with the increase in the perforation size, and this effect is greater when the size is small. In addition, the flow coefficient is less affected by the size of round holes compared to triangular and square holes. The regression model indicates that both the perforation rate and the perforation size have a considerable positive influence on the flow coefficient, while the square and triangle holes have a negative influence on the flow coefficient compared with the circular hole. Moreover, the geometric parameters of perforated plates that have the greatest influence on flow coefficient are perforation rate, perforation shape, and size, in descending order.
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