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This work studies the effect of four drying methods, microwave-, oven-, freeze-and sun-drying on the parameters of antioxidant properties for Shiitake (Lentinus edodes): total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity and DPPH scavenging activity. Freeze-drying Shiitake showed the highest activities in above three parameters. In addition, the optimum extraction condition (90℃, 40% ethanol and 1 h) of Shiitake was determined with orthogonal array design matrix using the total phenolic content as an indication. The results may be an economically interesting phytochemical source for the nutraceutical and functional food market.

The effects of physical modification methods, superfine grinding (SG) and high-pressure processing (HPP), on the physical and chemical properties of mushroom (A. chaxingu) powders were investigated. Scanning electron microscope observations revealed the shape and surface morphology of mushroom powders. The SG powder had smaller particle size and greater bulk density. The HPP powder had lower viscosity and a smaller angle of repose.The SG and HPP powders exhibited a water holding capacity of 3.82 g/g and 3.62 g/g, while the water solubility index was 32.6% and 28.3%, respectively. The chemical analysis indicated greater soluble dietary fiber (SDF) contents (9.63 g/100 g and 7.00 g/100 g), protein solubility (2.51% and 2.25%) and polysaccharide solubility (4.92% and 3.56%) in the SG and HPP powders, respectively. Overall, the application of SG and HPP may provide two novel approaches to achieve greater protein, SDF and polysaccharide contents with desirable properties.

An efficient microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technique was employed in the extraction of phenolic compounds from Agaricus blazei murrill, and phenolic compounds were quantified by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The MAE procedure was optimised, validated and compared with other conventional extraction techniques. MAE gave the best result because of the highest extraction efficiency within the shortest extraction time. The optimal conditions of MAE were 60% ethanol, ratio of solid ⁄ liquid 1:30, temperature 110°C, irradiation power 500 W and three extraction cycles, each 5 min. This is the first report on combining MAE with HPLC for the extraction and quantification of phenolic compounds in A. blazei murrill. The developed MAE method provided a good alternative for the extraction of phenolic compounds in A. blazei murrill as well as other materials.