Accessible Summary What is known on the subject Peer‐support services was started in the 1970s psychiatric survivor movement in the United States of America (USA) due to the lack of transitional support for deinstitutionalized psychiatric patients. Delivered by peer‐support workers (PSWs) with lived experiences of mental health conditions, peer‐support workers use their experiential knowledge to help others with similar conditions. The paradigm shifts in mental health recovery has led to an increase in interest on peer‐support services among the Asia countries. What the paper adds to existing knowledge? The diversity political and cultural differences in Asia makes it a unique for people to understand the mental health ecosystem that exist within. This review is timely as it provides the insights into the current state of peer‐support services for mental health consumers in Asia and the future research on them. What are the implications for practice? First, this review provided a broad overview on the current types of peer‐support services and their implementation in Asia. Second, emphasized the importance and value of peer‐support services for individuals with mental health conditions in their journey towards recovery. Third, important to build a more positive image for peer‐support workers by assigning more clarity to their roles and systematizing training to hone their skills in providing peer support. Abstract IntroductionThe increasing recognition and need for recovery‐oriented services led to the heightened interests of peer‐support services globally, including Asia. However, little is known about the peer‐support services in Asia as compared to the West, where peer‐support services primarily originated from and are well established. AimTo examine available evidence on the implementation of peer‐support services for such consumers in Asia. MethodThis scoping review was based on the Arksey & O′Malley's framework. A comprehensive search was performed across seven electronic databases. The grey literature was also searched through Open Grey and ProQuest Dissertation and Theses, alongside hand searching of the reference of the studies. Articles searched was from January 2000 to December 2021. ResultsThree main themes were identified to provide an overview on peer‐support services for mental health consumers in Asia: the delivery of such services in Asia; Asian consumers' perceptions of them; and factors affecting their implementation. DiscussionGiven their relative novelty in Asia, findings from this review represent useful insights for organizations and policy administrators when formulating such services. Implications for PracticeFuture research should also focus on evaluating the effectiveness of such services in Asia and comparing their outcomes with other regions.
Nitroreductases (NTRs) constitute an important class of oxidoreductase enzymes that have evolved to metabolize nitro-containing compounds. Their unique characteristics have spurred an array of potential uses in medicinal chemistry, chemical biology, and bioengineering toward harnessing nitro caging groups and constructing NTR variants for niche applications. Inspired by how they carry out enzymatic reduction via a cascade of hydride transfer reactions, we sought to develop a synthetic small-molecule NTR system based on transfer hydrogenation mediated by transition metal complexes harnessing native cofactors. We report the first water-stable Ru−arene complex capable of selectively and fully reducing nitroaromatics into anilines in a biocompatible buffered aqueous environment using formate as the hydride source. We further demonstrated its application to activate nitro-caged sulfanilamide prodrug in formate-abundant bacteria, specifically pathogenic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This proof of concept paves the way for a new targeted antibacterial chemotherapeutic approach leveraging on redox−active metal complexes for prodrug activation via bioinspired nitroreduction.
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