BACKGROUND
Lung endometriosis is an extremely rare gynecological disease. Current literature reports suggest that the majority of patients will present with only generic symptoms, such as hemoptysis, pneumothorax, and hemopneumothorax, which often leads to misdiagnosis. To date, there are 18 case reports of lung endometriosis that describe the clinical manifestation, imaging changes, treatment, and prognosis of the disease. To provide further insights into this rare disease, we present a new case report and a brief review of pulmonary endometriosis.
CASE SUMMARY
We report here about a 19-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital for repeated catamenial hemoptysis over a 3-mo period. computed tomography (CT) imaging during menstruation revealed patchy high-density shadows, approximately 0.5 cm
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in size, in the right middle lobe of the lung. The patient’s hemoptysis and changes in the CT scans resolved after menstruation. Thoracoscopic right middle lobectomy, right lower lung repair, and closed thoracic drainage were performed. Postoperative histopathology confirmed lung endometriosis. There was no recurrence of symptoms at the 6 mo follow-up.
CONCLUSION
We propose diagnosing lung endometriosis by thoroughly taking reproductive history, clinical details, imaging, and histopathology followed by treatment with surgical resection.
Background:Lung endometriosis is an extremely rare gynecological disease. Literature reports suggest that most patients will show generic symptoms such as hemoptysis, pneumothorax, and hemopneumothorax, which can often result in misdiagnosis. There are case reports of 18 patients with lung endometriosis describing clinical manifestation, imaging changes, treatment and prognosis. To provide further information on this rare disease, we present a case of pulmonary endometriosis and a review of lung endometriosis.Case presentation:We report on a 19-year-old female who was admitted to hospital due to repeated menstrual hemoptysis for 3 months. Computed tomography during menstruation showed patchy high-density shadows sized approximately 0.5 cm × 0.5 cm × 0.5 cm in the right middle lobe of the lung. Following menstruation, hemoptysis and changes on CT imaging disappeared. Thoracoscopic right middle lobectomy, right lower lung repair, and closed thoracic drainage were performed. Postoperative histopathology confirmed lung endometriosis. There was no recurrence of symptoms after 6 months of follow-up. Conclusions: We review the literature on factors associated with lung endometriosis, diagnosis, and treatment options. We propose that the diagnosis for lung endometriosis should be made by comprehensively integrating patient reproductive history, clinical and imaging details as well as histopathology. Surgical resection appears to be an effective treatment for lung endometriosis.
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