Electronic mail (e-mail) has been used to transfer various types of
electronic data in Internet. Usually, a user has to send an e-mail to a
specific group of users with a secure delivery mechanism. In this paper, a
novel and feasible e-mail delivery mechanism using the secure multicast
protocol with an ID-based factorial number structure (FNS) is proposed in the
multicast system. In the proposed e-mail delivery mechanism, the e-mail is
required to be encrypted before sending out in order to safeguard the message
via a public channel, such as wire public switching communication links and
wireless communication systems. Without loss generality, the public-key
system is adopted in the proposed secure multicast system for a convenient
and easy key management. The proposed scheme outperforms the existing methods
for more easily to construct secure e-mail system. Furthermore, the security
of the proposed scheme is analyzed, including replay attack, sender
impersonation attack, unknown key-share attack, forgery attack and insider
attack. Finally, the computation complexities of the proposed mechanism are
discussed. The result shows that the proposed scheme outperforms the
CRT-based secure e-mail scheme.
This study investigated the effects of immediate feedback on computer-based foreign language listening comprehension tests and on intrapersonal test-associated anxiety in 72 English major college students at a Taiwanese University. Foreign language listening comprehension of computer-based tests designed by MOODLE, a dynamic e-learning environment, with or without immediate feedback together with the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) were tested and repeated after one week. The analysis indicated that immediate feedback during testing caused significantly higher anxiety and resulted in significantly higher listening scores than in the control group, which had no feedback. However, repeated feedback did not affect the test anxiety and listening scores. Computer-based immediate feedback did not lower debilitating effects of anxiety but enhanced students' intrapersonal eustress-like anxiety and probably improved their attention during listening tests. Computer-based tests with immediate feedback might help foreign language learners to increase attention in foreign language listening comprehension.
Abstract:The malicious attacks adversely affect every user over the Internet. This paper proposes an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) design with parallel exact matching (PEM) architecture to accelerate the Snort intrusion detection system (IDS). The PEM is half mesh architecture to compare the Snort rules in parallel. The ASIC named snort rule accelerator (SRA) focuses on the TCP protocol to detect the attacks of e-mail and web applications. As shown in post-layout simulation, the ASIC operated at 435 MHz to perform the needs of high speed with 13.9 Gbps system throughputs. So that it resolves the complexity of information security limitation to manage data received from the 10 Gbps core network.
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