The surface of LiNi 0.8 Co 0.2 O 2 particles was protected by a thin layer of SiO x deposited via chemical vapor deposition ͑CVD͒. The aim was to enable lithium ions to intercalate into the cathode material through the coating layer while preventing the surface of the cathode to be directly in contact with the electrolyte media. The structure of LiNi 0.8 Co 0.2 O 2 is only slightly modified by the CVD process. The film deposited around the cathode particles was characterized. It consists of an amorphous layer of understoichiometric silicon dioxide SiO x (x Ͻ 2) which is 3-5 nm thick. The initial charge capacity of the starting material is not affected by the protective coating; nevertheless, the capacity fade is slightly increased upon cycling compared to the uncoated LiNi 0.8 Co 0.2 O 2 powder. The CVD process is very reproducible, and despite a small degradation of the electrochemical performance, the SiO x coating is efficient to decrease by 50% the exothermic reaction occurring at around 210°C in the charged state.
Certain hybrid prototypes of dispersive optical solitons that we are looking for can correspond to new or future behaviors, observable or not, developed or will be developed by optical media that present the cubic-quintic-septic law coupled, with strong dispersions. The equation considered for this purpose is that of non-linear Schrödinger. The solutions are obtained using the Bogning-Djeumen Tchaho-Kofané method extended to the new implicit Bogning' functions. Some of the obtained solutions show that their existence is due only to the Kerr law nonlinearity presence. Graphical representations plotted have confirmed the hybrid and multi-form character of the obtained dispersive optical solitons. We believe that a good understanding of the hybrid dispersive optical solitons highlighted in the context of this work allows to grasp the physical description of systems whose dynamics are governed by nonlinear Schrödinger equation as studied in this work, allowing thereby a relevant improvement of complex problems encountered in particular in nonliear optaics and in optical fibers.
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