This paper aims to analyze the economic dimension and environmental impact of intra-EU value-added generation linked to global value chains (GVCs) through input-output analysis. For this purpose, information has been collected from TiVA (Trade in Value Added, OECD) and Eora databases for the years 2005 and 2015. From an economic perspective, the results point to a strengthening of the value-added generated within Factory Europe. From an environmental perspective, all EU28 members have reduced their exports-related impacts in intensity-emissions terms, but not all of them in the same degree. An approach to the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) has also been carried out through a panel data model. The results show a positive impact of the participation in intra-EU value chain (Factory Europe) on CO2 emissions per capita. Further, an inverted U-shaped curve for CO2 emissions is found for the period 2005–15. In this sense, European economies with lower development levels (many Eastern and Southern countries) seem to be still on the rising segment of the curve, while the more developed ones seem to be on the decreasing segment. These results highlight the need to design global monitoring and prevention mechanisms to tackle growing environmental challenges and the need to incorporate specific actions associated with the GVCs activity.
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought economic activity to a standstill unprecedented in recent history. The aim of this paper is to analyse the potential economic and sectoral impact resulting from suspension of certain activities. The analysis of production linkages and the hypothetical extraction method constitute the methods are applied, taking as a reference trade relation of Spain with the EU, USA and China in 2015. The results obtained based on the four possible scenarios proposed show a decline in GDP due to the paralysis of a set of sectors, revealing the existence of strong production linkages through Global Value Chains.
The aim of this paper is to analyze the participation in the global textile and apparel value chain with special attention, first, to the case of three dynamic and interrelated economies (Mexico, the United States, and China); and second, to a general approach to a larger sample of countries through the analysis of trade in value added. From the descriptive analysis, a high domestic share in each country’s exports is found. However, China is the leading exporter in the industry, accounting for around a third of the domestic value added in the global textile final demand. An econometric estimation has also been carried out to observe the effects of tariffs, FDI, and labor costs on the total and backward participation in the textile GVC. In this case, the sample has been extended to 39 developed and 22 developing countries. The results reveal tariff protection as a determinant of the degree of participation of the sector, especially when backward participation and developing economies are considered. However, FDI and labor costs only show the expected results in the case of developing countries. This may be due to the different tasks performed by developing economies (primarily manufacturing) versus developed economies (branding, design) within the sector’s value chain.
La compra pública de innovación (CPI) es una herramienta que muchos países están adoptando para promover la innovación desde la demanda pública, pero todavía existe poca documentación e insuficientes estudios de casos que muestran específicamente cómo estructurarla para llegar a soluciones innovadoras para retos planteados desde el sector público. Entre las dudas más importantes que surgen: ¿cómo definir la necesidad, ¿cómo corregir asimetrías de información, y cómo compartir riesgos? Esta publicación aborda esta brecha de conocimiento mediante la aplicación de la técnica econométrica de emparejamiento o matching (específicamente, el emparejamiento con propensión de puntaje propensity score matching, PSM) para estudiar el impacto de estos procesos de adquisiciones sobre el comportamiento innovador de las empresas involucradas. Estos procesos de adquisiciones hacen énfasis en el diálogo, la cocreación y la compartición de riesgos entre las administraciones públicas y el ecosistema innovador. Los principales resultados muestran evidencia empírica sobre el impacto positivo de la CPI desde una perspectiva general tanto en la inversión en innovación por parte de las empresas participantes, en particular la inversión en investigación y desarrollo como también en la efectividad de esta inversión adicional en materia de innovaciones logradas, en particular en lo que se refiere a innovaciones de producto. Los resultados también revelan la existencia de un potencial importante de complementariedad entre las tradicionales políticas de innovación de oferta y la CPI, por lo menos en el caso de Colombia.
This paper aims to test the pollution haven hypothesis within the European Union (EU), especially among newcomer countries, through the participation in global value chains (GVCs). The study used a combination of multiregional input–output method and multilevel mixed econometric analysis to investigate the relationship between global value chain trade flows, foreign direct investment flows, energy consumption, and carbon emissions across countries, sectors, and time. The study tested both the “pollution haven” and “pollution halo” hypotheses and found a non-linear relationship between foreign capital flows and carbon emissions, which became less relevant after the economic integration process. The results suggest the existence of a pollution haven in Europe. Although Eastern economies still exhibit problematic issues in relation to pollution control, they have made significant progress in reducing their emissions intensity. The conclusions include some policy recommendations based on the main findings of the research.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.