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The character of sexual behavior displayed by the female guinea pig varies from individual to individual and from cycle to cycle in the same animal. These variations consist of differences in the length of heat, in the intensity of the heat reactions and in the frequency of mounting activity (Young, Dempsey and Myers, '35). When it mas found that the ovarian condition also varies greatly, especially with respect t o the extent of general follicular development, the number of follicIes that mature and the extent of rete cyst formation, we became interested in ascertaining if any connection exists between the type of sexual behavior displayed and the ovarian condition, and if such relationships provide clues to the factors involved in the control of the character of heat. For the most part, no relationship was found, but what was observed suggested certain extra-ovarian factors which appear to be important. To the extent it is possible, their nature will be indicated in what follows. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe data have been gathered during the past 5 years when an investigation of the hormonal factors responsible for the