5083 Al-Mg is the widely used material in food, chemistry, vehicle, machinery, and construction sectors, as well as in the aviation and space industries. The burnishing is normally used as the finishing operation for this material with the advantages such as surface roughness, reduced fracture formation, hardness, fatigue strength, and an increase of the wear resistance. These positive improvements are dependent on burnishing process parameters such as feed rate, burnishing force, ball diameter, and a number of revolutions. The study contains determination and optimization of the machining parameters and their effects on the surface roughness, microhardness, and the strength of 5083 Al-Mg material in the ball burnishing processes. Multiple regression and ANOVA analysis were performed to identify significant process parameters. A new Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) model with different neuron structures and algorithms has also been developed using experimental results to supplement the multiple regression model as the desired R 2 values could not be achieved with the latter. The ANOVA analysis indicated that both the burnishing force and the number of revolutions have a significant effect on the surface roughness and hardness with optimums 300 N and 200 rpm, respectively. Results from the two models were compared with each other. The developed ANN model is shown to estimate the surface roughness and the surface hardness with high reliability (R 2 = 0.999992) without costly experimental trials. K e y w o r d s : burnishing, surface roughness and hardness, microhardness, strength analysis, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)
In this study, the analysis of cutting forces on medium carbon AISI 1050-to which different spheroidization heat treatments were applied-was conducted by the mixed-level Taguchi orthogonal experiment design method. In the experiments, besides the parameters of feed rate, depth of cut and cutting speed having effect on cutting forces as a factor in orthogonal design, the spheroidization time and temperature parameters were also used. By the performed orthogonal experiment design method, the values of cutting forces were estimated using the five-factor, two-and three-leveled Taguchi L36 (2 2 × 3 3 ) mixed orthogonal experiment design method. The effectiveness of the machining parameters on the cutting force was revealed by performing analysis of variance test. Moreover, the effectiveness rates of the parameters were also determined in the study as per the signal noise rates. Consequently, it has been observed that the feed rate is more effective on the cutting forces compared to other parameters.
In this study, a new lighting element is designed by using TRIZ methodology, by predicting that individuals using the common living space may need different intensity light at the same time.Requiring both bright and dim light in the same space is an example of physical contradiction according to the TRIZ methodology, and this problem is solved by the principles of separation methods in time and space. Figure A. Design and use of lighting elementPurpose: In this study, it was ensured that different light levels were obtained in the same space with a new user-oriented lighting design. A new lighting element has been designed in order to meet the individualization needs of people who use the common living space such as dormitory, office, hotel etc. It is possible to obtain different levels of light in the same place and time with this lighting element.Theory and Methods: With the TRIZ methodology, a new lighting element has been designed with physical conflict solutions used in the problem solving process. It is an example of physical contradiction that it is desired to be both dark and light at the same time and place. In the solution of the problem, a lighting element that can be adjusted according to the usage situation has been developed by using separation methods in time and space.Results: It has been seen that different light levels can be obtained in the same space according to the image results obtained as a result of three-dimensional modeling and visualization of the lighting element design. By using the moving parts on the lighting designed in a circular form in different locations, different lighting levels that will occur in the space are obtained. Conclusion:Expecting a space to be both bright and dim at the same time was defined as a physical contradiction according to the TRIZ methodology and was resolved by separation methods in space and time. In contradictions that arise during solution researches, time separation methods are deemed appropriate and it is aimed to reach optimum design. Offering users a bright and dim light environment at the same time, this design can divide a space into two different usage areas. These different areas of use are created by 5 equivalent parts on the lighting element. The width of the bright area can be adjusted by moving the parts.
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