Although many fluidized systems are not vertically oriented, little research has been done on fluidization within inclined channels. The fluidization of the gravitational force and the tensile force may be substantially opposing in the vertical system. The theory of gravitational field fluidization, which is related to industrial fluidization processes like coal gasification, iron ore reduction, and catalytic cracking and calls for the use of standing tubes or angled risers, has to be developed in order to encompass various orientations. Without underlying theories, engineers must rely on vertical fluidization equations to build these sloping systems. A significant barrier to improving the design and optimization of new solid circulation systems is the tendency of fluidization. Based on historical developments and theoretical progress, the study presents an overview of recent advancements of liquid-solid fluidized beds in inclined columns. The fluidized bed is investigated as a whole by looking at the governing factors.

The fluidized bed and the fluidization process and characteristics were studied in this paper numerically using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Ansys Fluent 15.0. Constant temperature was applied to both sides of the two-dimensional fluidized bed geometry. The superficial velocity of the working fluid ranged amid (0.08 – 0.5 m/s) and the initial height of the solid particles changed amid (0.05, 0.1, 0.2 m). Aluminum particles and water was used as working materials within the fluidized bed. The model used for the investigations was validated using Ngoh and Lim research results. The results showed that the fluidization head increases as the water inlet superficial velocity increases. As well as when the water inlet superficial velocity increases, the average solid phase temperature increases.

The fluidized bed in this paper was studied in inclined position. The investigation was performed using a computational fluid dynamic model using SolidWorks software program, and Ansys Fluent software programs. The height of the solid particles was studied during the fluidization process with three values of inclination degree angle (20, 40, 60 degree). The model was validated using another experimental paper by Yakubov et al. (2007). The results showed that as velocity of water increased, the upgrading of solid particles inside the pipe increased, meanwhile the expansion of solid particles decreased as the inclination degree of pipe increased.

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In this paper, a micro pin fin heat sink is numerically investigated with four fins geometries (circular, elliptical, square, and drop shape) at two types of arrangement styles, inline and staggered arrangement. The hydrodynamic and thermal characteristics of different fin geometries and two arrangement styles have been compared under the exact value of Reynolds number and constant wall temperature thermal boundary conditions. The Reynolds number was sweeping in the range of (400-2800) to ensure the fluid flow velocity impact in the pin fin performance. The results obtained indicate that a longitude pin fin dropped with increasing Reynolds number at a distributed temperature. Also, the circler Pin fin reaches the lowest temperature comparison to the rest of the three-pin fin types. Generally, according to the extracted, Nusselt number for different geometries increased versus increasing the Reynolds number. Observe that the elliptical fin shape yields the highest Nusselt number at all Reynolds numbers. Moreover, the elliptical pin fin ejects the highest heat transfer rate, which indicates the pin fin performance. Furthermore, skin friction has a significant function with variation in Reynolds number.