Three-dimensional volume rendering (3DVR) is useful in a wide variety of medical-imaging applications. The increasingly advanced capabilities of CT and MRI to acquire volumetric data sets with isotropic voxels have resulted in the increased use of the 3DVR techniques for clinical applications. The two most commonly used techniques are the maximum intensity projection (MIP) and, more recently, 3DVR. Several kinds of medical imaging data could be reconstructed for 3D display, including CT, MRI, and ultrasonography (US). In particular, the 3D CT imaging has been developed, improved, and widely used of late. Understanding the mechanisms of 3DVR is essential for the accurate evaluation of the resulting images. Although further research is required to detect the efficiency of 3DVR in radiological applications, with wider availability and improved diagnostic performance, 3DVR is likely to enjoy widespread acceptance in the radiology practice going forward.
Isolated fourth cranial (trochlear) nerve palsy is an uncommon occulomotor nerve palsy typically secondary to ischemia, inflammation/infection, or mass effect. Due to its positioning within the cavernous sinus, pathology of the deep cerebral venous system would theoretically predispose to palsy of this nerve. We present a case of a patient presenting with isolated trochlear nerve palsy in the setting of angiographically-confirmed direct carotid-cavernous fistula.
Dentinal hypersensitivity is a perplexing problem for the patient as well as clinician. Among the plethora of pharmacological agents developed for the management of this rather common affliction, tubule occluding agents form the mainstay of treatment. Bioglasses (phosphosilicates) with evolving chemical and biological properties, are widely used, with the latest modification being the addition of fluoride to conventional calcium sodium phosphosilicate (Novamin) to result in fluoro calcium phosphosilicate (Biomin), purported to have superior tubule occlusive properties. The present study was designed as randomized clinical trial to compare the efficacy of Biomin and Novamin in reducing the subjective and provoked (thermal) experience of dentinal hypersensitivity. Sixty subjects were randomly prescribed three dentifrices after oral prophylaxis: Group A (20 patients): dentifrice containing 5% fluoro calcium phosphosilicate (Biomin); Group B (20 patients): dentifrice containing 5% calcium sodium phosphosilicate (Novamin); Group C (20 patients): standard dentifrice containing fluoride. Subjective and thermal sensitivity was assessed using a 10 point VAS score at baseline, at 15 days, 30 days and 60 days of treatment. It was found that though significant reduction in hypersensitivity was observed for all three groups over time, flouro calcium phosphosilicate was most effective in reducing the VAS score, followed by calcium sodium phosphosilicate and fluoride. It was concluded that fluoro calcium phosphosilicate is a promising agent for clinical management of dentinal hypersensitivity.
Date Presented 04/02/2022 This research explores maternal role transition and competency to better understand how OTs can support mothers during the transition to motherhood. The following themes emerged after an in-depth literature review and three focus groups with new mothers: support systems, physical and psychological health, role transition, and advocacy. OTs can provide education and adaptations or modifications to routines to facilitate balance during the imbalance of a new mother’s life. Primary Author and Speaker: Elsie Hurtado Pollari Contributing Authors: Bhumi Bhatt, Sophia Baffes, Kelsie Walraven, Kelly Raye, Huda Hussain, Victoria Greenlee, Tess Somerville
Introduction: Health behaviour related to oral hygiene is of significant consequence with regard to periodontal disease prevention and management. As such, assessment, interception and modulation of oral hygiene self-efficacy at an early age may be of benefit in overall maintenance of the patient, as well as development of favourable health attitudes. Moreover, as ethnic and cultural features have a great bearing on health beliefs and awareness, a population specific evaluation of the self-efficacy of oral hygiene and its relation to motivation is highly relevant. This study reports the self-efficacy of oral hygiene in the young patient population visiting Government Dental College and Hospital, Srinagar, as related to their periodontal knowledge and as influenced by periodontal health education and motivation. Material and Methods: 100 patients in the age group of 18-26 years were subjected to a questionnaire regarding their awareness and concern for oral hygiene and gum disease. Thereafter, baseline periodontal parameters were evaluated (Modified Quigley Hein plaque index, Gingival Index, Modified Papillary Bleeding Index) and thorough professional scaling and root planning was performed. The patients were then educated regarding gum disease and its prevention based on the "Health Belief Model" and regarding oral hygiene maintenance based on the "Tell-Show-Do" technique. At 3 month recall, periodontal parameters were re-recorded. Results: Gingival index and Modified Papillary bleeding index were found to correlate significantly with the questionnaire scores. At 3 months, significant improvement was noted in periodontal parameters, reflecting a positive influence of oral hygiene education and motivation on the self-efficacy of the young patients. Conclusion: Empathetic and "Health-Belief" based approach to periodontal and oral hygiene-related education and motivation was found to have a positive impact on the periodontal status of the young patient population. These results indicate the need for assessment and optimization of oral health behaviours and knowledge in the present community and encourage longer follow up to evaluate the sustainability of the results.
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