High transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity are the two key factors to be considered in the design of gene carriers. Herein, a novel and versatile gene carrier (PLL-RT) was prepared by introducing "molecular string" RT (i.e., p-toluylsulfonyl arginine) onto the polylysine backbone. The introduction of RT string contributed to the formation of multiple interactions between the polycationic gene carriers and cell membrane or DNA, as well as adopting α-helix conformation, all of which would be beneficial to enhance the gene transfection. In addition, RT string grafted onto other polycations such as hyperbranced PEI25k and dendrimer PAMAM could also acquire improved transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity. Moreover, PLL-RT presented significant tumor inhibition effect in vivo. This work provided an effective strategy for constructing novel gene carriers with high transfection and low cytotoxicity.
Immunotherapy
holds great promise for patients undergoing tumor
treatment. However, the clinical effect of immunotherapy is limited
because of tumor immunogenicity and its immunosuppressive microenvironment.
Herein, the metal–organic framework (MIL-100) loaded with chemotherapeutic
agent mitoxantrone (MTO) was combined with photothermal-chemotherapy
for enhancing immunogenic cell death. MIL-100 loaded
with MTO and hyaluronic acid as nanoparticles
(MMH NPs) yielded an NP with two therapeutic properties
(photothermal and chemotherapy) with dual imaging modes (photoacoustic
and thermal). When MMH NPs were coinjected with an anti-OX40 antibody
in colorectal cancer, the highest antitumor efficacy and a robust
immune effect were achieved. This work provides a novel combined therapeutic
strategy, which will hold great promise in future tumor therapy.
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