PurposeThe purpose was to explore the exercise behavior of the Taiwanese population during leisure time and to examine the gender differences in related influential factors. MethodsThe Leisure Time and Sport Questionnaire (LTSQ) conducted by the Academia Sinica in 2007 was used for analysis. Participants were drawn from the Taiwanese population aged over 18 years old. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to test the association between the frequency of exercise and related factors in all the participants, male, and female participants, respectively.