The purpose of this study was to investigate the spectrum of organisms causing endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in a tertiary medical center in Taiwan and the antibiotic susceptibilities. This was a retrospective case series study. Patients with endophthalmitis after cataract surgery from January 2004 to July 2015 were reviewed. The outcome measures included the identification of isolates, antibiotic susceptibilities, and final visual outcomes. Twenty-one organisms were isolated from 19 cases. The most common organisms were Enterococcus in 38.1 %, especially Enterococcus faecalis, followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis in 28.6 % and Staphylococcus aureus in 9.5 %. All of the Gram-positive isolates tested were susceptible to vancomycin (100 %), and ceftazidime and amikacin were susceptible for Gram-negative organisms. The Gram-positive organisms remain to be the predominant cause of postoperative endophthalmitis, and Enterococcus species has had an increasing incidence. Vancomycin is still the most powerful antibiotic for Gram-positive organisms, while ceftazidime and amikacin are effective for Gram-negative bacteria.

PURPOSE: To report a case of late onset lamellar keratitis and epithelial ingrowth associated with orbital cellulitis 1 month after LASIK surgery. METHODS: A 19-year-old patient presented with pain and subsequent blurry vision in the right eye. One month prior to presentation, he had undergone LASIK in both eyes. Orbital cellulitis was suspected. RESULTS: Under aggressive treatment, the patient recovered from orbital cellulitis and lamellar keratitis and he also regained his vision with topical steroid treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Lamellar keratitis does not always occur early following LASIK and may be associated with orbital cellulitis. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:202-204.]

Acute lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is a malignant neoplasm caused by the proliferation of poorly differentiated precursors of the lymphoid cells, which are known as blast cells. It is primarily the most common type of childhood Leukemia. Although 70-80% with ALL is cured with modern chemotherapy, 20-30% still have to endure relapse, particularly in the central nervous system (CNS) after attainment of remission. Treatment to prevent recurrence is based on cranial irradiation and intrathecal chemotherapy after conventional induction chemotherapy and the achievement of complete remission. However, the orbital cavity and optic nerve are relatively unaffected by being shielded during brain irradiation and serve as sanctuaries of ALL. Here, we describe a 12-year-old boy with ALL for one year who achieved complete remission after induction chemotherapy. He developed sudden loss of ipsilateral vision prior to CNS relapse twice. His initial ocular presentations noted on ophthalmic examination are unilateral optic nerve Leukemic infiltration and exudative retinal detachment (RD) respectively.