In recent years, pollution of environmental components onsite training and test ranges has drawn attention of governments and defence ministries. In a great number of NATO and EU countries, measures have been taken including an assessment of test ranges status and their pollution content. A number of researches have been conducted in this area and their results have been published. Most of them comprise disturbing data on the measured contamination levels of explosives and heavy metals in soil and groundwater. This qualifies the problem on management of sites contamination with munitions constituents as a serious one and of international concern.

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Pedagogical patterns describe teaching ideas that can be applied in different ways in teaching in different disciplines, and for different types of students. They are a tool for sharing experience and good practices between teachers. The use of pedagogical patterns in online learning is a challenge that can be met by using an appropriate software system for learning management. The article proposes a model of educational objects, suitable for software imple-mentation, which we call pedagogical pattern instances, or for short - in-stances. One instance combines specific learning content with additional fea-tures. Learning content can have different “views” that present knowledge in different ways, for example, through text files of presentations, audio or video content, interactive content, etc. Logical categories of characteristics and activities form the “aspects” of the instance, such as methodology, adap-tivity, assessment, etc. The proposed pattern instance model is flexible. It can be expanded with new features and adapted to specific goals and designs. The paper also outlines a conceptual framework of an e-learning software system using the presented model of a pattern instance.

Software platforms for e-learning support various options for presenting educational content. One of the ways to organize and structure it is via so-called pedagogical patterns. They are a method for describing and sharing knowledge and practical experience. Pedagogical patterns are used to describe pedagogical situations that occur repeatedly in the learning process. In the context of e-learning systems, there are various approaches to digitalization of pedagogical patterns. The purpose of the paper is to show how to build instances of pedagogical patterns using e-learning pedagogical objects, which can be easily and conveniently used as models in an adaptive e-learning environment. An e-learning pedagogical object is an abstract concept that can be presented in the concrete form of an e-learning object, an e-learning methodological object, an e-learning object for monitoring and diagnostics or an e-learning object with learning outcomes. These objects are building blocks for constructing instances of pedagogical patterns. This paper thoroughly discusses the issue of creating instances of pedagogical patterns of the four types of e-learning pedagogical objects. The instance of a pedagogical pattern is meant to serve to create subsections of educational topics. The instances of the patterns built of e-learning objects are learning units that are used depending on the context of a particular pedagogical situation. The e-learning pedagogical objects and the pedagogical pattern instances are intended to be applied in an adaptive e-learning environment as teaching aids. Their theoretical models are applied in Moodle LMS in line with the tendency for software to assist and replace some of the teacher functions, while the teacher’s role is raised to a higher organizational, pedagogical and methodological level. Three instances of pedagogical patterns have been created through e-learning pedagogical objects: “Early Feedback”, “Feedback Sandwich” and “Consistent Metaphor” in LMS Moodle, which have been tested in the training course “Modeling of training courses in Moodle” during the autumn trimester of the academic year 2021/2022 at the Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics of Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria.

This paper describes a model of a Hierarchical Learning Management System (HLMS) for the insurance industry. The problem is that LMSs are widely used, but not suitable for each educational environment and domain. The existing LMSs are with the general purpose and do not reflect the specific needs of different domains. The proposed LMS is a specific hierarchic system specially created for the insurance industry. The model uses a hierarchic approach to share, organize and present the learning content. It allows for building an LMS specific for the insurance industry which is reliable, efficient, fast, and easy to use by the insurance professionals.