Objective Multiple trials have demonstrated the metabolic effects of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in patients regardless of diabetes status, and recent trials have been conducted on the combined sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 and sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT1/SGLT2) inhibitors. Therefore, a meta‐analysis was conducted to investigate the weight reduction effects and dose‐response relationship of SGLT inhibitors and to assess the relative efficacy of SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitors. Methods Four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus) were searched on November 21, 2020, for articles published from January 1, 2000, up to November 21, 2020. Results In total, 116 randomized‐controlled trials were included, with a combined cohort of 98,497 patients. Overall, patients had a mean weight reduction of −1.79 kg (95% CI: −1.93 to −1.66, p < 0.001) compared with placebo. This effect was observed across diabetes status, duration of follow‐up, various comorbidities, and all SGLT drug types. Mean BMI changes were −0.71 kg/m2 (95% CI: −0.94 to −0.47, p < 0.001) compared with placebo. Canagliflozin, empagliflozin, sotagliflozin, and licogliflozin showed a dose‐response relationship for mean weight change. Compared with SGLT2 inhibitors, SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitors had a significantly larger reduction in weight. Conclusions SGLT inhibitors demonstrated weight reduction benefits in this meta‐analysis. Further studies are needed to clarify their role in weight management.

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Objective: Multiple trials on sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) inhibitors have been performed recently demonstrating blood pressure (BP) reduction benefits in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of different SGLT inhibitors on BP in both patients with and without diabetes mellitus.Methods: Four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and SCOPUS) were searched on 4 November 2021 for articles published from 1 January 2000 up to 21 November 2021, for studies evaluating the BP effects of SGLT inhibitors. Pair-wise meta-analysis and random effects metaregression models were utilized.Results: In total, 111 studies examining SBP (108 studies, 104 304 patients) and/or DBP (82 studies, 74 719 patients) were included. In patients with diabetes, the random effects model demonstrated SGLT inhibitor produced a mean reduction in SBPs of À3.46 mmHg (95% confidence interval: À3.83, À3.09) compared with placebo. There were no statistically significant changes in BP among patients without diabetes. Drug response relationship was not observed in SGLT inhibitors and BP, except for Canagliflozin and DBP.Conclusion: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and combined sodium-glucose cotransporter 1/2 inhibitors produced small reductions in BP in patients with diabetes.

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