Effects of dietary administration of turmeric (TUR), curcumin (CUR) and curcumin nanomicelles (NMC) were investigated on growth, haemato-immunology and antioxidant status of the Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei. The shrimps (2.96±0.10 g) were fed with 10 diets: without supplementing TUR, CUR and NMC (control), supplemented with 2.5, 5 and 10 g TUR, 0.075, 0.150 and 0.300 g CUR and 0.075, 0.150 and 0.300 g NMC per kg of diet. CUR 0.075 and NMC 0.150 improved final weight, weight gain (%), specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio. Survival rate was more increased with NMC 0.150, which improved the biomass gain. The lowest levels of serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase and the highest levels of acid phosphatase, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase were detected in NMC 0.150 (p < .05). Malondialdehyde was significantly lower in NMC 0.150 compared with the control. NMC treatments showed higher levels of total protein, lysozyme and albumin than the other treatments. It is concluded that both the dietary CUR and NMC improved the antioxidant and immunity response of P. vannamei, however, NMC 0.150 induced a better overall shrimp performance.Application of nanocarriers for the delivery of dietary immunostimulants seems promising in shrimp nutrition.
Industry-wide use of specific pathogen-free Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931, in the United States in the early 1990s, along with the improvements in the shrimp performance and attractive natural characteristics including rapid growth and strong disease resistance resulted in the globalization and production dominance of this species (Wyban, 2019). Despite the fact that the popularity and profitability of P. vannamei has much increased worldwide because of these advantages, due to its intensive culture some important concerns like environmental stress and disease outbreaks can still cause economic losses (Duan et al., 2017). Among the environmental stressors, salinity is a major limiting non-biological determinant that affects the growth, survival and immune system of
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