Research on nanotechnology as an emerging discipline has advanced several branches of technology. Although iron is considered as an essential element for plant growth, its role in mitigating abiotic stresses has not been studied widely. Therefore, in this research, it has been attempted to investigate the effect of magnetic Fe 3 o 4 nanoparticles on tomato plants under cadmium stress using 5 levels of magnetic (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles (nano-Fe 3 O 4 ) (0, 10, 20, 50, 100 mg/L) and 3 levels of CdCl 2 (0, 100, 200 μM). Cadmium reduced growth and photosynthesis parameters as well as nutritional elements and increased the content of MDA, H 2 O 2 , and proline in tomato plants. Meanwhile 20 mg/L nano-Fe 3 o 4 was able to improve cadmium toxicity by reduction in cadmium accumulation and increase in nutrient intake. However, 20 mg/L nano-Fe 3 o 4 is potentially useful for plant growth and may motivate the variations of plants defense mechanisms in response to cadmium toxicity. ARTICLE HISTORY

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

ABSTRACT-In this paper, the dynamic behavior of laser induced optical breakdown in impure water was studied by using a pumpprobe technique. The plasma was induced by a 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser pulse (with pulse duration ~10 ns) in distilled water with two types of impurities: (I) a solution (highly diluted salt water as a conductor) and (II) a colloidal (TiO 2 in colloidal nanoparticle form as a dielectric); and finally the results were compared. The results show that, for both liquids, the probe beam transmission is reduced with pump laser intensity. Our results also show that, impurity size and type of conductivity can influence on plasma time evolution and transmissivity.