The present paper investigates the influence of stitching on delamination resistance of laminated composite structures. The mixed-mode interlaminar fracture toughness, G I/IIC , of the stitched hybrid laminated composites is studied in order to investigate the resistance of the 3D-composites to the crack propagation in delaminated composite structures. To that end, the mixed-mode interlaminar fracture toughness was measured using the asymmetric double cantilever beam (ADCB) test method. The hybrid ADCB and stitched hybrid ADCB composite beams were laid-up in order to study the effect of stitching on the interlaminar fracture toughness. The test results showed that the resistance of stitched fibres against the crack propagation in stitched hybrid composites can significantly improve the mixed-mode interlaminar fracture toughness.
NaY Zeolite has been selected as a suitable material to host 1.5 wt% Platinum (Pt) loading on zeolite using ion exchange methods of Pt(NH 3 ) 4 (NO 3 ) 2 without excess NH 4 NO 3 nitrate and Pt(NH 3 ) 4 (NO 3 ) 2 with excess NH 4 NO 3 nitrate. The structure/reactivity relationship of Pt nanoparticle was experimentally studied via Nafion @ bound electrodes to investigate the interaction nature of Pt with zeolite and electron transfer. By using extended X-ray adsorption fine structure technique, Pt particle size was predicted as 0.7 -1.5 nm. It was found Pt oxides can be electrochemically reduced via a hydrogen 'spillover' phenomenon. A highly dispersed small Pt particle distribution can be achieved with excessive H + ions on zeolite acidic sites.
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