BackgroundPrevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM) is increasing globally. Considering the potential role of poly-unsaturated fatty acids in prevention of DM type 2 and lipid profiles improvement, some studies have been carried out on walnut. However, there are no studies on control of blood sugar in DM type 2 patients using walnut.ObjectivesThe current study aimed to evaluate the effect of walnut oil on blood sugar in DM type 2 patients.MethodsThis randomized control clinical trial was performed on 100 patients with DM type 2. For the experiment group (n = 50), walnut oil (15 g/day for three months) was added to their diet, while the control group (n = 50) did not undergo any interventions. Before initiation of the experiment and after the experiment, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) levels, fasting blood sugar (FBS) and HbA1c were measured.ResultsThe two groups were not significantly different for SBP, DBP, body weight, and Body Mass Index. HbA1c level decreased significantly in the experiment group by 7.86% ± 21.97 (P = 0.005) from 7.00 ± 1.08 before the intervention to 6.37 ± 1.29 after the intervention. Also, FBS level decreased significantly by 8.24% ± 16.77 (P = 0.001); from 158.37 ± 48.16 before the intervention to 137.91 ± 23.24 after the intervention in the experimental group. These changes in the control group were not significant.ConclusionsConsumption of walnut oil (15 g/day for three months) was shown to improve blood glucose level but, no changes were noted for bodyweight and blood pressure in type two diabetic patients.
Developing countries are subject to quick cultural changes as they evolve. Modern cities have been constructed by the interactions between different types of subjects. The identities of the actors that have been altered by communication in different forms of systems need new structures and infrastructures. The infrastructures should be in alignment with this evolving situation. The substructure is one of the objective reasons for the communication of citizens as, in this regard, individuals (citizens) will experience more emotional enjoyment from the freedom based on the number of facilities available to them. As with both objective and subjective discourses, the city will become more prominent in the modernized architectural structures if it is within the subjective scope of the citizens" free choices. To survive in this vibrant era, architecture has no choice but to be combined with the technologies derived from the modern science. Therefore, if technology or architecture is one of the options available to the citizens of metropolitan cities, it will create small communities and places due to its discursive nature and its locality and amusing quality where the citizen and city are placed in a dynamic situation as an actor and substructure. Our approach in this article has been scientific research and the impact of technology-architecture on modern urban development is studied based on the views of George Simmel and the city"s dependence on the architecture which has derived from this notion.
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