IzvlečekUDK 556.33:551.44(55) Hossein Alem, Akbar Esmaeilzadeh Soudejani & Saba Nahas Farmanieh: Ocenjevanje napajanja podzemne vode v kraških vodonosnikih v severnem Horasanu, v Iranu, z uporabo metode APLIS Za optimizacijo porabe, vzdrževanja in nadzora nivoja podzemne vode je ocena napajanja vodonosnika zelo pomembna. Zato raziskava z uporabo metode APLIS, ki temelji na GIS, raziskuje vodonosnike v provinci Severni Horasan v Iranu. Pri tem smo upoštevali več pomembnih hidrogeoloških parametrov, ki vplivajo na napajanje vodonosnika, vključno z nadmorsko višino, naklonom, litologijo, tipom tal in infiltracijo. Za vsakega od parametrov smo pripravili informacije v ustreznih oblikah. Po obdelavi in integraciji podatkov smo izračunali hitrost polnjenja vodonosnika. Različne regije smo ustrezno ovrednotili. Rezultati kažejo, da se v kraških formacijah Severnega Horasana letne povprečne vrednosti v 30-letnem časovnem obdobju gibljejo med 103 mm in 362 mm, s povprečno vrednostjo 192 mm. Najmanjše, najvišje in povprečne stopnje polnjenja vodonosnika v študijskem območju so 42-, 73-in 54-odstotne. Tudi potencial polnjenja vodonosnika je v 83-odstotnih kraških formacij ocenjen kot zmeren, za preostale predele je ocenjen kot visok. Območja z nizkim potencialom polnjenja so povezana z nižje ležečimi zakraselimi apnenci in dolomiti, višje ležeča območja predstavljajo apnenci in dolomiti z višjim potencialom polnjenja. Ključne besede: upravljanje podzemnih vodnih virov, napajanje, APLIS, GIS, kras, Severni Horasan. In order to optimize consumption, maintenance and control of underground water, an estimation of the groundwater recharge is highly important. Therefore, this research investigates the aquifers in North Khorasan province using APLIS (Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station) based on a GIS. For this purpose, several significant hydrogeological parameters affecting groundwater recharge including altitude, slope, lithology, soil type and infiltration are considered. Therefore, corresponding layers for these parameters were provided and prioritized. In the end and after integrating the data, the recharge rate was measured qualitatively and different regions were mapped accordingly. The results indicate that the annual average values on a 30-year timescale in karst formations of the North Khorasan vary between 103 mm and 362 mm, with the mean value of 192 mm. Minimum, maximum and mean recharge rates of aquifer in the study area are 42 %, 73 % and 54 %, respectively. Also, aquifer recharge potential in 83 % of the karst formations is moderate while it is high for the remaining. Low recharge regions correlate to lower karst limestone and dolostone areas in the lower altitudes while high recharge regions represent upper karst limestone and dolostone areas, especially in the high altitudes.

Discovering underground water resources remains a vital and inevitable method for optimizing consumption and also maintaining existing resources, not only in the world in general but also in places like Mashhad in particular which faces increasing need for water. Therefore, the present paper aims to identify potential locations for developing karst formations by calculating infiltration percentage of formations. APLIS method, based on GIS analysis, was used to do analytical hierarchical process. Experimental variables assumed to affect infiltration and storage of rain water include altitude, slope, lithology, soil, preferred infiltration sites, and fracture. Information layers for all the above variables were created, and their proportional weight and combinations were specified. Finally, recharge rates of aquifers were calculated and presented in form of maps which also showed the extent of karst formations for various regions. Results let us see that location-specific average of recharge rate for Mashhad formations is 46% in a span of 15–96%. Any increase in infiltration percentage means more karstification in lithology of formations. The ability to map the water resources management and determine the water balance components, including estimating the amount of groundwater resource penetration, and the spatial identification of karst sources compared to other existing methods, is higher. Therefore, the map possesses predictive strength for potential regions of development of karstification. Given the recharge rates for various sites and specified karstic regions, we can anticipate a more efficient management with regard to maintaining water resources and managing consumption. Such management would be more economical and less time-consuming.