Triamcinolone acetonide was found to be useful in better visualization of vitreous in pediatric cataract surgery and has good effect in decreasing postoperative inflammation and posterior capsule opacification.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a complicated disease due to a multifactorial process comprising the breakdown of the blood retinal barrier with a subsequent fluid accumulation in the macula. Treatment of DME depends recently on more successful therapies such as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies that could stabilize or improve vision in several cases. Ranibizumab has been submitted for approval as a treatment of visual impairment owing to DME.Objective: To assess the response of intravitreal injection (IVI) of ranibizumab in DME at Mansoura ophthalmology center. Patients and methods:This were a prospective study carried out on a total of 50 diabetic cases with DME. Full history was taken from included cases and full ophthalmological examination was conducted in addition to evaluation of the macular retinal maps using optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Spectral domain OCT 2000). Three monthly consecutive intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF of ranibizumab at a dosage of 0.5mg/0.05 ml were administered to all the cases.Results: There was highly statistically significant improvement in the visual acuity (VA) and highly statistically significant reduction in the macular thickness in the included cases after one month and after three months as compared with the pretreatment value (P<0.001). The degree of diabetic control didn't appear to affect the change of the macular thickness. Conclusion:The intravitreal ranibizumab injection effectively decreased macular thickness and improved VA. The structural and functional effects of ranibizumab appeared as early as after 1 month of treatment and maintained at 3 months following treatment.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide and patients with this sight-threatening disease are expected to grow as dietary habits are changing especially in developing nations . For the past two decades, optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used as a routine technique for ocular imaging. It is considered as an ideal technique because it is a non-invasive technique and in the same time is able to give high-resolution (1-10 μm), depth-resolved, and cross-sectional images.Objective: Study the epidemiology and the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic retinopathy patients attending the outpatient clinic of Mansoura ophthalmic center through one year.Patients and methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study included 400 eyes of 200 patients with diabetic retinopathy recruited from Mansoura ophthalmic center, Mansoura University Hospitals, Egypt. After obtaining a written informed consent, the cases were subjected to full history taking and full ophthalmological examination. Spectral domain OCT 2000 was used to obtain retinal images. Laboratory investigations were conducted for all the cases included HBA1C, lipid profile and serum creatinine Results: The mean macular thickness was statistically significantly higher in the cases with HTN and cases with hepatitis. There was no statistically significant difference in the macular thickness according to sex, smoking or family history of DM. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean macular thickness between the eyes according to the findings of fundus examination. The highest macular thickness was reported with the eyes with stage 3 non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Linear regression analysis, cholesterol level and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) had statistically significant predictive ability for macular thickness Conclusion: Retinopathy is a common complication of diabetes in diabetic patients. DR at the initial stage of diabetes may prevent disability from blindness caused by DR.