Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a prevalent virus worldwide and is mainly associated with respiratory disorders. Recently, it was detected in several disease conditions, including cancers. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third main cause of cancers worldwide. Risk factors that initiate cell transformation include nutritional, hereditary and infectious causes. The aim of the current study was to screen for the presence of HBoV in solid tumors of colorectal cancer and to determine the genotypes of the detected strains. Surgically excised and paraffin-embedded colorectal cancer tissue specimens from 101 male and female patients with and without metastasis were collected over the last four years. Pathological analysis and tumor stages were determined. The presence of HBoV was screened by polymerase chain reaction, and the genotype of the detected HBoV was determined by direct gene sequencing. Most of the examined specimens were adenocarcinoma with mucinous activity in many of them. Twenty-four out of 101 (23.8 %) CRC tissue specimens were found to contain HBoV-1. Low sequence diversity was recorded in the detected strains. The virus was detected in both male and female patients with an age range of 30-75 years. It is proposed that HBoV-1 could play a potential role in the induction of CRC.
Background: Centrally located tumors have long been thought to have high incidence of multi-centricity and multi-focality and classically treated with mastectomy. Objective: is to evaluate the feasibility of breast conservative surgery in patients with retro-areolar breast cancer. Methods: Eighteen female patients with Stage I or IIa retro-areolar breast cancer that were ≥ 1 cm away from nipple-areolar complex, were enrolled for our study at General Surgery Department, Menoufia University, from January 2014 to December 2015. Patients were fully assessed preoperatively. After patients' counseling and consent, all patients were subjected to lumpectomy with nipple-areola complex preservation. All patients were offered post-operative radiotherapy. Postoperative complications were recorded. Oncological and cosmetic outcome and patient satisfaction were evaluated. Results: The resection margins of the excised mass were 1.283±0.583 cm and were found to be clear of malignant cells in all patients. Axillary lymph nodes were positive for malignancy in 6 patients (33.33%) (p 0.157). 13 patients (72.22%) had invasive ductal carcinoma on postoperative histopathology (p 0.002). 6 patients developed postoperative complications (p 0.001). Recurrence occurred only in 2 patients after 12 and 18 months (p 0.001). The cosmetic outcome was excellent in 9 patients, good in 7 patients and fair in 2 patients (p 0.115). 16 patients (89%) were satisfied by the end results (p 0.001). Conclusion: Breast conserving surgery is a feasible procedure for retroareolar breast cancer .
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