No abstract

El inventario es resultado de los censos visuales realizados en el sistema arrecifal durante el periodo 2006 -2011, el cual se complementó con las especies del sistema previamente registradas en la literatura y aquellas que se encuentran depositadas en colecciones de referencia. La lista incluye 387 especies, 206 géneros, 92 familias y 23 órdenes. Tres especies son nuevos registros para el litoral mexicano del golfo de México: Amphelikturus dendriticus, Hypleurochilus bermudensis y Opistognathus macrognathus. Las familias con mayor riqueza específica fueron: Serranidae (37 spp.), Carangidae (23), Haemulidae y Labridae (17), Gobiidae (16) y Pomacentridae (15). Las afinidades zoogeográficas de las especies están mejor representadas por la provincia Caribeña (78.87%), seguida por la provincia Caroliniana de la costa norte, noreste y noroeste del golfo de México (77.68%) y la Antillana (70.83%). Cinco especies son endémicas de los arrecifes del suroeste del golfo de México: Elacatinus jarocho, Halichoeres burekae, Hypoplectrus atlahua, H. castroaguirrei, Tigrigobius redimiculus. Se estimó el número total de especies esperadas en el sistema utilizando los métodos de Chao 1, Chao2, Jacknife 1 y 2 y bootstrap. Se encontró que la lista representa casi el 90% de la riqueza esperada, el mejor elenco sistemático del área hasta ahora.Palabras clave: lista de peces, Atlántico mexicano, peces marinos, ictiodiversidad, arrecifes coralinos.

No abstract

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes and fatty acids (FAs) revealed primary producer organic carbon sources that fuel a coral reef food web with river influence. A stable isotope mixing model was used to assess the relative contribution of six different primary producers to nine of the most ubiquitous invertebrate and fish consumer's bulk carbon. Mangrove and phytoplankton were difficult to differentiate in some consumers; likely solutions involved one or the other but not both at the same time. FA concentration in upper trophic levels was corrected for the primary producer's relative contribution according to the mixing model, and FA retention was evaluated using a calculated trophic retention factor (TRF). The C 18 FAs, 18:2v6 and 18:3v3, were plentiful in mangrove, sea grass, and green algae, but decreased across trophic levels with a TRF # 1, probably due to decomposition of drifting leaves and then consumer metabolism. In contrast, macroalgae and phytoplankton FAs, 24:1v9, and highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs), arachidonic acid (ARA) 20:4v6, docosapentanoic acid (DPA) 22:5v3, and docosahexanoic acid (DHA) 22:6v3, showed trophic accumulation (TRF . 1), while eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) 20:5v3 had similar concentrations across trophic levels (TRF 5 1), suggesting the following degrees of HUFA retention: DHA . ARA . EPA. This study indicates that phytoplankton are the major source of essential dietary nutrients for all fish, and that dietary energy from mangroves is transferred to juvenile fish Caranx hippos, while sea grass nonessential FAs are transferred to the entire food web. Moreover, among the species studied, the sea urchin Echinometra lucunter is the major consumer of brown and green algae, while red algae were also consumed by the surgeon fish Acanthurus chirurgus.Coral reefs are located along the coastlines of over 100 countries and provide a variety of ecosystem goods and services. Reefs serve as a major food source for many developing nations, they provide barriers to high wave action that buffer coastlines and beaches from erosion, and they supply an important revenue base for local economies through fishing and recreational activities. This is the case of the Veracruz Reef System National Park (Parque Nacional Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano: PNSAV) located in the southwest Gulf of Mexico. The PNSAV was declared a marine protected area in 1992 because of its high biodiversity. However, the PNSAV is under considerable pressure from fisheries, tourism, and from intense traffic of large ships to Veracruz harbor. Also, it receives rates of sedimentation ranging between 0.006 and 2 kg m 22 d 21 , turbidity, and organic matter related to the three rivers flowing into the PNSAV: La Antigua in the north, Jamapa in the middle, and Papaloapan in the south (Pérez-Españ a and Vargas-Herná ndez, 2008). The myriad sources of organic matter in the oceans depend on the intensity of the autochthonous signal and the proximity and magnitude of inputs from coastal higher plants and transport by rivers. Pri...