Objective: To determine the prevalence and the risk factors associated to the incorrect application of the anabolic implant in intensive cattle feedlots. Design/Methodology/Approach: An observational study was conducted in which 888 cattle ears were evaluated from five livestock feedlots. The criteria of the condition of the anabolic implant were: correct and incorrect (encapsulated, abscessed, in cartilage, badly placed, heaped, partial and absent). The results were evaluated through the chi-squared test and logistic regression, the alpha level established was 0.05. Results: A prevalence of 64.30% incorrectly applied anabolic implants was observed. At least 50% of the cattle from the feedlots evaluated presented faults in the application of the implant. Encapsulated and badly placed implants represented 91.6% (51.4 and 40.2%, respectively) of the total incorrect conditions. The risk of a bovine presenting an incorrect condition increased 1.8 times more when the feedlot has more than 4000 cattle (P<0.001) and 4.2 times more when they are females (P<0.001); the season of the year was not a risk factor (P>0.17). Study Limitation/Implications: The incorrect application of anabolic implants derives in faults that complicate their absorption and integration into the organism, which is why more studies are suggested to determine the economic impact that this can cause. Findings/Conclusions: The prevalence of the fault in anabolic implants is high, and, therefore, the productive and economic benefits that favor the application of this productive technology are not being obtained, in addition to there being determinant risk factors.
Para determinar prevalencia, identificar factores de riesgo y caracterizar contusiones se evaluaron 442 canales bovinas provenientes de dos regiones geográficas (Norte y Centro) del estado de Sinaloa, México. Se registraron datos de procedencia, sexo, edad y tiempo de espera ante mortem, así como el sitio anatómico afectado, grado de severidad, forma y tamaño de la contusión. Se observó una tasa de prevalencia de 75.8 % y las canales de hembras presentaron más contusiones (P= 0.018). En bovinos provenientes de la región norte (~150 km) la prevalencia fue mayor que la región centro (~30 km) (81.5 vs 70.2 %; P= 0.005). El factor de riesgo fue 2.05 veces mayor para canales de hembras (P= 0.01) y para bovinos provenientes de la región norte fue de 1.89 (P= 0.006). El dorso fue el sitio anatómico más afectado (47 %). La forma circular fue la de mayor presentación (62.2 %) y se observaron en mayor proporción las contusiones de tamaño pequeño (58.14 %), el grado de severidad 1 se observó en un 67.47 %. Se concluye que la tasa de prevalencia supera el 75 % y que los factores de riesgo fueron el sexo y la región de procedencia.
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