The discussion focuses on the Occupational Health and Safety Management System which was initiated by the International Labour Organization to facilitate the formulation, implementation and evaluation of occupational health and safety interventions at a national policy, sector and organizational level in all countries. It also focuses on Zimbabwe's occupational health and safety policy, regulatory and institutional framework. The ILO's OSH-MS 2001 was developed to provide a unique international model, compatible with other management system standards and guides, towards promoting occupational health and safety in a systematic manner. In Zimbabwe, occupational health and safety laws that are applicable to all employers and employees across sectors are enshrined within the Labour Act, Chapter 28.01, and the National Social Security Authority's Accident Prevention Workers Compensation Scheme Notice No. 68 of 1990. Occupational health and safety management in Zimbabwe is pursued through the International Labour Organization's Zimbabwe Office, the Ministry of Public Service, Labour and Social Welfare, the National Social Security Authority, and the Zimbabwe Occupational Health and Safety Council, which comprises government, employers and labour unions. It was recommended that Zimbabwe fully adopts the OHS-MS in all sectors, industries and organizations in an adaptive manner. The study also recommended systematic capacity building at a national, sectoral, industrial and organizational level to enhance effective, efficient and adaptive implementation of this tool, and continuous interaction and engagement between the ILO, Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare, EMCOZ, ZCTU and ZFTU for the realization of the highest standards of occupational health and safety in Zimbabwe.
The discussion is on the Global Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Infections (2006-2015), and the Zimbabwe National HIV and AIDS Strategic Plan (2011-2015), a policy intervention ratified towards this end. The Global Strategy was initiated for adoption by national governments to contribute towards Millennium Development Goal number six. It is aimed at providing a framework to guide an accelerated global response for the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections. STI prevention and control interventions advocated include the promotion of health sexual behavior, provision of condoms and other barrier methods, delivery of prevention and care, strategies for sexual partner notification, provision of medicines, and vaccines, syndromic management and improving information for policy and programme development. The Strategic Plan in Zimbabwe is a multi-sectoral framework developed to provide strategic direction in planning, coordination, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the national multi-sectoral and decentralized STI, HIV and AIDS interventions. This strategy is being implemented through the Public Sector, Private Medical Sector and the Not for Profit Health Sector. It was concluded that Zimbabwe's policy intervention is in line with the global strategy. From the discussion, it was recommended that Zimbabwe must to systematically build the capacity of STI interventions to contribute effectively towards the realization of Millennium Development Goal Number Six.
The discourse is on the Sector Wide Approach (SWAp) in health, a policy reform intervention by the World Health Organization, and focuses on Zimbabwe's response, and the subsequent health policy framework.
The years 2007 and 2008 are of special reckoned in the history of Zimbabwe as the economy plunged into a meltdown and professionalism suddenly became an irrelevant status. Institutions in the public sector struggled for relevance as they frantically sought to retain skilled and qualified medical personnel. The maternity service delivery system in local authorities could not escape from the crisis hence the study sought to explore the degree of staff attrition in the sector, major causes, effects and measures of reducing staff attrition. The study involved the collection and analysis of data from 12 council clinics providing maternity services for the period 2007 -2008. The authors argue that, the state of the economy has got a strong bearing on the level of staff attrition in organisations. Since medical staff are skilled professionals they can easily leave for greener "pastures" hence the need for Councils to improve working conditions.
The current discourse assesses capacity building interventions by the Zimbabwe AIDS Network. It focuses on the organization's Institutional Capacity Enhancement Strategy in Mashonaland Central Province. An overview of Zimbabwe's HIV/AIDS policy interventions is made, to locate the policy context within which capacity building interventions are being pursued. Qualitative and quantitative methodologies were triangulated to come up with data which allowed for comprehensive collection, presentation and analysis of findings. A survey was carried out in Ward 11, a primary catchment area serviced by Howard Mission Hospital to assess the impact of the Institutional Enhancement Strategy in the community. This hospital was randomly selected from amongst the list of ZAN member organization in Mashonaland Central Province. Qualitative data was collected using key informant, and in-depth interviews. Secondary data was collected through a documentary search. An analysis of findings revealed that Howard Mission Hospital received a total average rating of 3, 7 from the community for its HIV/AIDS interventions, which implied a good rating. It was concluded that ZAN's intervention towards capacitating Howard Mission Hospital for the benefit of the community in the fight against HIV/AIDS. This indicates success in contributing towards Zimbabwe's AIDS policy, even though some challenges were also noted.
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