After the implementation of the universal two-child policy in 2016, more and more working women have found themselves caught in the dilemma of whether to raise a baby or be promoted, which exacerbates work–family conflicts among Chinese women. Few studies have examined the mediating effect of negative affect. The present study combined the conservation of resources model and affective events theory to examine the sequential mediating effect of negative affect and perceived stress in the relationship between work–family conflict and mental health. A valid sample of 351 full-time Chinese female employees was recruited in this study, and participants voluntarily answered online questionnaires. Pearson correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and multiple mediation analysis were used to examine the relationships between work–family conflict, negative affect, perceived stress, and mental health in full-time female employees. We found that women’s perceptions of both work-to-family conflict and family-to-work conflict were significant negatively related to mental health. Additionally, the results showed that negative affect and perceived stress were negatively correlated with mental health. The 95% confidence intervals indicated the sequential mediating effect of negative affect and stress in the relationship between work–family conflict and mental health was significant, which supported the hypothesized sequential mediation model. The findings suggest that work–family conflicts affected the level of self-reported mental health, and this relationship functioned through the two sequential mediators of negative affect and perceived stress.

BackgroundStudies on risk preferences have long been of great concern and have examined the neural basis underlying risk‐based decision making. However, studies using conventional transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) revealed that bilateral stimulation could change risk propensity with limited evidence of precisely focalized unilateral high‐definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD‐tDCS). The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of HD‐tDCS focalizing the left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on risk‐taking behavior during the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART).MethodsThis study was designed as a between‐subject, single‐blind, sham‐controlled experiment. University students were randomly assigned to three groups: the anodal group (F3 anode, AF3, F1, F5, FC3 returned), the cathodal group (F3 cathodal, AF3, F1, F5, FC3 returned) and the sham group. Subsequently, 1.5‐mA 20‐min HD‐tDCS was applied during the BART, and the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), the Sensation Seeking Scale‐5 (SSS‐5), and the Behavioral Inhibition System and Behavioral Approach System scale (BIS/BAS) were measured as control variables.ResultsThe cathodal group earned less total money than the sham group, and no significant difference was observed between the anodal group and the sham group.ConclusionsThese results showed that, to some extent, focalized unilateral cathodal HD‐tDCS on left DLPFC could change performance during risky tasks and diminish risky decision making. Further studies are needed to investigate the dose effect and electrode distribution of HD‐tDCS during risky tasks and examine synchronous brain activity to show the neural basis.

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