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The aim of the study was to improve the electrical and thermal conductivity of the polylactic acid/wood flour/thermoplastic polyurethane composites by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). The results showed that, when the addition amount of nano-graphite reached 25 pbw, the volume resistivity of the composites decreased to 108 Ω·m, which was a significant reduction, indicating that the conductive network was already formed. It also had good thermal conductivity, mechanical properties, and thermal stability. The adding of the redox graphene (rGO) combined with graphite into the composites, compared to the tannic acid-functionalized graphite or the multi-walled carbon nanotubes, can be an effective method to improve the performance of the biocomposites, because the resistivity reduced by one order magnitude and the thermal conductivity increased by 25.71%. Models printed by FDM illustrated that the composite filaments have a certain flexibility and can be printed onto paper or flexible baseplates.

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In this work, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and tributyl citrate (TBC) are proposed to modify the properties of wood fiber (WF, 20 wt%)‐reinforced polylactide (PLA, 80 wt%) biocomposites. The reinforcing and toughening effects of these additives were systematically investigated by comparing their mechanical, thermal and rheological properties. It was found that 5 wt% TBC improved the compatibility between WF and PLA and resulted in increased tensile strength (15%) and thermal stability (4%) of the biocomposites compared with those of unmodified biocomposites. The glass transition temperature, melting temperature, and crystallinity of TBC‐modified biocomposites were lower than those of PEG biocomposites. In addition, the storage modulus, loss modulus and complex viscosity of TBC‐modified biocomposites were effectively improved at low TBC content (5–10 wt%), whereas reduced properties were obtained when the same PEG content was added. As wettability is always a problem in biocomposites, the contact angle was not changed with TBC content (up to 20 wt%), and a linear decrease was observed with a PEG content up to 30 wt%. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:1384–1394, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers