The direct electroconversion of captured CO2 is attracting attention as the streamlined manner for the carbon capture and utilization, omitting energy-demanding CO2 separation processes. In amine-based conventional capturing media, however,...
Using one month of the cloud-resolving Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) simulations, we examined the impact of different definitions of clear-sky flux on the determination of longwave cloud radiative forcing (CRF). Because the satellite-like cloud-free composite preferentially samples drier conditions relative to the all-sky mean state, the conventional clear-sky flux calculation using the all-sky mean state in the model may represent a more humid atmospheric state in comparison to the cloud-free state. The drier bias is evident for the cloud-free composite in the NICAM simulations, causing an overestimation of the longwave CRF by about 10% compared to the NICAM simulated longwave CRF. Overall, water vapor contributions of up to 10% of the total longwave CRF should be added to make the NICAM-generated cloud forcing comparable to the satellite measurements
Abstract. Using one month of the cloud-resolving Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) simulations, we examined the impact of different definitions of clear-sky flux on the determination of longwave cloud radiative forcing (CRF). Because the satellite-like cloud-free composite preferentially samples drier conditions relative to the all-sky mean state, the conventional clear-sky flux calculation using the all-sky mean state in the model may represent a more humid atmospheric state in comparison to the cloudfree state. The drier bias is evident for the cloud-free composite in the NICAM simulations, causing an overestimation of the longwave CRF by about 10% compared to the NICAM simulated longwave CRF. Overall, water vapor contributions of up to 10% of the total longwave CRF should be taken account for making model-generated cloud forcing comparable to the satellite measurements.
The direct electroconversion of captured CO2 is attracting attention as an alternative to the current energy-demanding CO2 separation processes. In conventional capturing media, the reaction inevitably takes place in the presence of bulky ammonium, leading to steric hindrance and low CO selectivity. Here, for the first time, we present a single atom Ni catalyst (Ni–N/C) exhibits superior activity for the electroconversion of captured CO2, without the need for additives. In a CO2-captured monoethanolamine-based electrolyte, Ni–N/C achieves a notably high CO selectivity of 64.9% at −50 mA cm−2 integrated with a membrane electrode assembly. We also propose that Ni–N/C demonstrates weak cation sensitivity to the CO2 reduction reaction, maintaining high CO production activity in various capturing solutions, while Ag shows a gradual decrease depending on the bulkiness of the amine. These trends provide insights into selective catalyst design for the electroconversion of captured CO2 in universal media.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.