Professional socialization is defined as a process through which a person becomes a legitimate member of a professional society. This will have a great impact on an individual’s professional conduct and morality. The aim of this study was to clarify this concept and reduce the ambiguities around it. This was a qualitative research through which the concept of professional socialization was analyzed using Walker and Avant’s eight-step approach. The review of literature for this concept was done using electronic database without any time limitation. The overall search produced about 780 articles, and after reviewing these articles, 21 were selected purposefully. Based on concept analysis, we propose the following analytical definition: Professional socialization is a nonlinear, continuous, interactive, transformative, personal, psychosocial and selfreinforcing process that is formed through internalization of the specific culture of a professional community, and can be affected by individual, organizational and interactional factors. This definition is in accordance with the interactionism perspective. Existence of a particular profession and getting involved in a community of practice are the antecedents of this process, and formation of professional identity and professional development are its consequences. A case model, as well as borderline and related cases, has been introduced for this concept. The results of this study can be used to design useful educational interventions to conduct and facilitate the process.

Background & Aims: Childbearing is important for the increase of population; for countries where fertility rate is low, it is important for sustainable development. The present study aims to evaluate the relationship of accountability and religious orientation with childbearing intention in women referred to comprehensive health centers in Yasouj, Iran. Materials & Methods: This descriptive and correlational study was conducted in 2019-2020 on 240 fertile married women aged 18-45 years referred to comprehensive health centers in Yasouj city, who were selected by a continuous sampling method. Inclusion criteria were no debilitating diseases, mental illnesses, or contraindication for pregnancy. A sociodemographic form, Harrison-Goff Accountability Scale, and Golriz and Baraheni’s Religious Attitude Scale were used to collect data. Data analysis was done in SPSS software, version 20 using chi-square test, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance. P<0.05 was statistically significant. Results: There was a negative and significant relationship between accountability and childbearing intention (P=0.036); the intention to have children was significantly lower in women with a higher accountability score. Religious orientation and its two dimensions (intrinsic and extrinsic orientation) had no significant relationship with childbearing intention. Age (P=0.001), length of marriage (P=0.001), and number of male children (P=0.011) had significant correlation with childbearing intention. Conclusion: In Yasuj city, the fertile women’s intention to have children decreases with the increase in their responsibilities, age, length of marriage, and number of male children. Therefore, it is recommended that these women be encouraged to have children at a younger age. It may be possible to encourage women with higher accountability to have children by teaching childbearing skills to them. Further studies are needed in this field.

Background & Aims: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and the preferred mode of delivery in primiparous pregnant women in 2019. Materials & Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional investigation in which the relationship between the perceived stress of primiparous women and their preferred mode of delivery was evaluated. The population in this study was all of the primiparous women attending the healthcare centers in Bandar Abbas in 2019, among which 230 women were sampled through a multi-stage sampling process. Data acquisition was performed via Cohen's Perceived Stress Questionnaire and a demographic and gynecological information checklist. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software v. 23 and Chi-square, Welch's t-test, Pearson's correlation test, and one-way and two-way analysis of variance with post-hoc. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The Mean±SD age of the samples was 25.84±5.09, and the majority of participants were unemployed (86.9%), had high school education (50%), and had moderate economic status (66.1%), and preferred vaginal delivery as the mode of birthing (75.7%). The Mean±SD perceived stress score was 23.14±8.70. The results have shown that there is a statistically significant relationship between the perceived stress score and preferred mode of delivery (P=0.033), type of pregnancy (wanted/unwanted; P=0.029), and economic status (P=0.004). There was a statistically significant relationship between the preferred mode of delivery and the level of the education of the participants (P=0.043) and their spouses (P=0.005), the employment status of the participant (P=0.005), the number of years that the participants and their spouses were educated (P=0.001 and P=0.001). Conclusion: Women who experience this type of pregnancy require higher levels of social support. In addition, there is a need for proper educative programs that would inform couples of the benefits and harms of different delivery.